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Aigong said, "May I ask about Confucian conduct." Confucius replied, "I can't finish counting them all. If I count them all, I will stay. I can't finish them even if I change my servant."
Liu Zun's ancestors were known to Yin Zhongjun when they were young and were referred to by Yu Gong. Yu Gong was very pleased and appointed him as his assistant. After seeing him, I sat on the couch and talked with him.
Zigong asked Confucius, "May I ask why gentlemen value jade and despise enamel? Is it because jade is scarce and enamel is plentiful?" Confucius said, "It is not because enamel is plentiful that they despise it, but because jade is scarce that they value it. In the past, gentlemen compared virtues to jade: warm and moist, it is benevolence; meticulous and fine, it is knowledge; incorruptible but not sharp, it is righteousness; hanging like a string, it is courtesy; knocking, the sound is clear and long, and it bends at the end, it is music; flaws do not cover the beauty, and beauty does not cover the flaws, it is loyalty; trustworthiness is everywhere, it is trustworthiness; aura is like a white rainbow, it is heaven; spirit is seen in mountains and rivers, it is earth; jade is outstanding, it is virtue. What is valued by all in the world is the Tao. The Book of Songs says, 'When I think of a gentleman, he is as warm as jade.' Therefore, gentlemen value it."
During the Zhengshi period, people compared and debated, and ranked the Five Xuns against the Five Chens: Xun Shu was against Chen Shi, Xun Jing was against Chen Chen, Xun Shuang was against Chen Ji, Xun Yu was against Chen Qun, and Xun Xi was against Chen Tai. There are also eight Peis and eight kings: Pei Hui is the counterpart of Wang Xiang, Pei Kai is the counterpart of Wang Yi Fu, Pei Kang is the counterpart of Wang Sui, Pei Chuo is the counterpart of Wang Cheng, Pei Zan is the counterpart of Wang Dun, Pei Xia is the counterpart of Wang Dao, Pei Wei is the counterpart of Wang Rong, and Pei Miao is the counterpart of Wang Xuan.
The Master said: “A ruler of a country should make clear what is good and what is bad, so as to show the people kindness, and then the people will not be double-minded. The Book of Songs says: ‘Be calm and share your position, and be good at being upright. ’” The Master said: “If the superior is suspicious, the people will be confused; if the subordinate is difficult to know, the ruler will be overworked. Therefore, a ruler who governs the people should make clear what is good to show the people, be careful of what is bad to prevent the people from being licentious, and then the people will not be confused. The ministers should follow the manners, not be heavy-handed, not support what they cannot do, and not bother what they do not know, and then the ruler will not be overworked. The Book of Songs says: ‘The God is strict, and the people are at peace. ’ The Xiaoya says: ‘It is not that they only share, but that the king is in harmony. ’”
Sacrificial rules: The Yu clan sacrificed to the Yellow Emperor and offered sacrifices to Ku in the suburbs, and their ancestors were Zhuanxu and Yao. The Xiahou clan also sacrificed to the Yellow Emperor and offered sacrifices to Gun in the suburbs, and their ancestors were Zhuanxu and Yu. The Yin people sacrificed to Ku and offered sacrifices to Ming in the suburbs, and their ancestors were Qi and Tang. The Zhou people sacrificed to Ku and offered sacrifices to Ji in the suburbs, and their ancestors were King Wen and King Wu.
When Yu Chan first composed the Yangdu Fu, Dao Wen and Yu said: "Wen is a symbol of righteousness, and Yu is the hope of the people. When it resonates, it is as loud as gold, and when it is compared with virtue, it is as bright as jade." When Yu Gong heard that the fu was completed, he asked to see it and gave it as a gift. Chan changed "望" to "俊", and "亮" to "润".
When it is sent away, it is eager and anxious, as if it is chasing but cannot catch up; when it is returned, it is anxious and anxious, as if it is seeking but cannot get. Therefore, when they go to see him off, they seem to be longing for him, and when they return, they seem to be suspicious of him.
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