中南大学外语陈磊

Bao Yin

When serving, you must leave the seat; if you don’t leave, you must leave the party of the king. If you don’t go to the front to get on the seat, it is called jumping the seat. If you sit alone and don’t use the full length of the mat, read and eat, then level, and the bowl is one foot away from the mat. If you give food to someone and the king is the guest, then order him to offer sacrifices, and then offer sacrifices; first eat, argue and taste the food, drink and wait. If there is anyone who wants to taste food, he should wait until the king has finished eating, then eat, eat, drink and wait. If the king orders food, and food is close to him, he should order him to taste it, and then he will eat what he wants. Whenever you eat food far away, you must follow the food near you. You dare not eat before the king covers his hands; after the king has eaten, he eats and eats, and eating and eating is three meals. After the king has finished, he takes the rice and sauce, and then leaves and gives it to the followers. Whenever you serve food, you don’t eat everything; you don’t get full from eating from others. Only water and porridge are not offered as a sacrifice, and if you offer it as a sacrifice, it is humiliating for your peers. If the king gives you a cup, you should cross the table and bow twice to receive it, and then go up to the table to offer it. Drink the cup and wait for the king to finish the cup, and then give the empty cup. When a gentleman drinks, he will be ashamed when he receives one cup, and he will talk about it after two cups. After three cups, he will leave with a smile. When he leaves, he will sit down and take his shoes, and then take his shoes away. When sitting on the left, he will take the right, and when sitting on the right, he will take the left. All vessels must be served with dark wine, only the emperor's vessel is served, only the common people are served with wine, the side vessels of the officials are served with a wooden pole, and the side vessels of the scholars are served with a ban.

I heard my wife is going to cheat

I have an agreement with the police officer.

Sacrifices have Zhaomu, which is to distinguish the order of father and son, distance, elder and younger, and closeness without disorder. Therefore, when there is an event in the Grand Temple, all the Zhaomu and Mu are present without losing their order. This is called the killing of closeness and distance. In ancient times, the king who knew the title of virtue and the salary of merit must be granted in the Grand Temple to show that he dare not monopolize. Therefore, on the day of the sacrifice, after one offering, the king descends and stands on the south of the steps of the east, facing south. The person who orders faces north, and the historian from the king's right holds the tablet and orders. He bows twice and kowtows. He receives the book and returns, and leaves the offering in his temple. This is the granting of titles and rewards. The king rolls up his crown and stands on the east, and the lady stands in the east room with a second veil. The lady offers the beans and holds the school, and holds the wine and gives it to the stirrup. When offering wine to a corpse, the wife holds the handle, and when receiving the corpse, the wife holds the foot. When a husband and wife give wine to each other, they do not take each other's place. When offering wine to each other, the wine must be exchanged. This is to make it clear that the husband and wife are different. When making a sacrifice, the bones are the main thing. Bones are of different ranks. The Yin people valued the thigh, the Zhou people valued the shoulder, and the front is more valuable than the back. The sacrifice is to make it clear that sacrifices must be benevolent. Therefore, the noble use noble bones, and the humble use humble bones. The noble are not heavy, and the humble are not empty, which shows equality. When benevolence is equal, politics will be carried out, politics will be carried out, and when things are accomplished, achievements will be made. The reason why achievements are made must not be unknown. The sacrifice is to make it clear that benevolence must be equal. A good politician does this, so it is said that the equality of politics and affairs can be seen here.

I want to stand out.

Yuan Hu was poor when he was young and once worked as a servant carrying rent for others. Xie Zhenxi was traveling by boat. That night the wind was clear and the moon was bright. He heard the sound of passengers reciting poems on a boat on the river bank, which was quite sentimental. The five-character verse he recited was something he had never heard before, and he could not stop admiring it. He immediately sent someone to interrogate him in detail, and it turned out that it was Yuan himself who was reciting the historical poem he had written. Therefore, they wanted each other and were greatly appreciated.

As a beautiful hostess

Shi Chong and Wang Kai competed with each other in luxury and both used exquisite items to decorate their carriages and clothes. Emperor Wu was Kai's nephew and always supported Kai. He once gave Kai a coral tree, about two feet tall. The branches and twigs are luxuriant and luxuriant, rarely seen in the world. Kai shows respect. After Chong had examined it, he struck it with his iron ruyi and it broke into pieces. Kai felt sorry for it, but also thought that it was his treasure, so his voice and expression were very harsh. Chong said, "Don't be sad. I will return them to you now." He ordered his attendants to fetch all the coral trees. There were six or seven of them, three or four feet tall, with branches and trunks that were unparalleled and dazzling. There were many like Kaixu. Kai was at a loss.

Rebirth Seven Days

The ritual vessels are therefore fully prepared. Full preparation means great virtue. The rituals are released and the quality is enhanced; they are placed correctly and carried out. In people, it is like the bamboo arrows with bamboo shoots; like the pine and cypress with heart. The two are the great points of the world. Therefore, they penetrate the four seasons without changing branches or leaves. Therefore, if a gentleman has rituals, he will be harmonious outside and have no resentment inside, so all things will be kind and the ghosts and gods will appreciate virtue. The ancient kings established rituals with roots and texts. Loyalty and trust are the roots of rituals; righteousness and reason are the texts of rituals. Without roots, there is no rightness; without texts, there is no practice. Rituals are in accordance with the time of the sky, set on the wealth of the land, in accordance with the ghosts and gods, in accordance with the human heart, and govern all things. Therefore, the time of the sky has life, the geography has suitability, the human organs have ability, and the things are curved and beneficial. Therefore, if Heaven does not produce and Earth does not nourish, the superior man will not make it a ritual, and the ghosts and gods will not be satisfied. If one lives in the mountains and treats fish and turtles as a ritual, and lives in the marshes and treats deer and pigs as a ritual, the superior man will say that he does not know the ritual. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the number of the state and make it the great principle of ritual and the great ethics of ritual. The width and narrowness of the land, the thickness of the ritual, and the ups and downs of the year. Therefore, even if there is a big killing in the year, the people will not be afraid. Then the superiors’ rituals are moderate. In ritual, time is the most important, followed by compliance, form, appropriateness, and praise. Yao passed the throne to Shun, Shun passed the throne to Yu; Tang exiled Jie, and King Wu defeated Zhou. It was time. The Book of Songs says: "Don't change it, just follow the filial piety." The sacrifices to heaven and earth, the affairs of the ancestral temple, the way of father and son, and the righteousness of the monarch and the minister are ethics. The affairs of the altar, mountains and rivers, and the sacrifices to ghosts and gods are the form. The use of funeral sacrifices and the relationship between guests are righteousness. When offering lambs and pigs as sacrifices, all officials are satisfied; when offering large sacrifices, there is no need to have more than enough. This is called "proportion". The princes regard tortoise shells as treasures and jade sceptres as auspicious. If a family does not treasure tortoise shells, store jade sceptres, or build gates, it means that it has "proportion". In rituals, there are those that value more: the emperor has seven temples, the princes have five, the officials have three, and the scholars have one. The emperor has twenty-six bowls, the dukes have sixteen, the princes have twelve, the senior officials have eight, and the junior officials have six. The princes have seven boxes and seven sacrifices, and the officials have five boxes and five sacrifices. The emperor has five layers of mats, the princes have three layers, and the officials have two layers. When the emperor dies, he is buried in the seventh month, with five layers and eight bamboos; the princes are buried in the fifth month, with three layers and six bamboos; the officials are buried in the third month, with two layers and four bamboos. This is that more is more. Some people value less: the emperor has no chariot; special sacrifices are used for offering sacrifices to heaven; when the emperor visits the princes, the princes use calves for meals; when the princes meet, they use yuchang (cooked rice wine) instead of lan (small bowls and rice bowls); the betrothal gifts for the officials are dried meat and salted meat; the emperor eats once, the princes twice, the officials and scholars three times, and the food is countless; the main roads have one tassel, the secondary roads have seven tassels; the jade scepter is special, the amber jade huang is special, and the ghost and god sacrifice is single. The princes attend the court, the officials are special, and the scholars are on a journey. This is what is valued for less. Some people value greater: the size of the palace, the size of the utensils, the thickness of the coffin, and the size of the mounds and fiefs. This is what is valued for greater. Some people value smaller: in the sacrifices to the ancestral temple, the noble offer jue, the humble offer san, the respected raise zhi, the humble raise jiao; the five offerings are dau, the outside of the door is gu, the inside of the door is hu, and the emperor's dau is wa yan. This is what is valued for smaller. Some people value height: the hall of the emperor is nine feet, that of the princes is seven feet, that of the great officials is five feet, and that of the scholars is three feet; the gates of the emperor and the princes are five feet. This is the value of height. Some people value lower things: the most respectful do not use the altar, but sweep the floor before offering sacrifices. The emperor and the princes do not use the taboos, while the great officials and scholars use the taboos. This is the value of lower things. Some people value ornaments: the emperor wears a dragon robe, the princes wear a red robe, the great officials wear a red robe, and the scholars wear black clothes and purple skirts; the emperor's crown has twelve tassels of red and green algae, the princes have nine, the senior officials have seven, the junior officials have five, and the scholars have three. This is the value of ornaments. Some people value plainness: the most respectful do not have ornaments, the father's party has no appearance, the great jade is not polished, the great soup is not harmonious, the great road is plain and the seats are crossed, the sacrificial vessels are covered with sparse cloth, and the ladle is made of cypress. This is the value of plainness. Confucius said: "Rituals must be reviewed." If the rituals are different, there will be no extravagance or killing. This is what I mean. It is a matter of praise. The reason why rituals value quantity is because of their external heart; virtue is promoted, all things are praised, and the great principles of things are broad. In this way, how can we not value quantity? Therefore, the gentleman is happy to be promoted. The reason why rituals value smallness is because of their internal heart. The production of virtue is subtle, and there is nothing that can be called virtue when observing the things of the emperor. In this way, how can we not value smallness? Therefore, the gentleman is cautious when he is alone. The ancient sages respected the inner and enjoyed the outer, and the few were precious and the many were beautiful. Therefore, the gentleman’s rituals should not be too much or too little, but only be called. Therefore, when a gentleman offers a large sacrifice, it is called a ritual; when a commoner offers a large sacrifice, it is called a robbery. Guan Zhong carved a red-rimmed gui and a mountain-sectioned algae-shaped gui, which the gentleman thought was excessive. Yan Pingzhong offered sacrifices to his ancestors, but did not cover the pig’s shoulder with a bean curd; he washed his clothes and washed his hat before going to court, which the gentleman thought was narrow. Therefore, the gentleman must be careful in performing the rituals; the crowd's discipline is broken and the crowd is in chaos. Confucius said: "If I fight, I will win; if I sacrifice, I will receive blessings." This is the way. The gentleman said: Sacrifice without prayer, without early waving, without music and grandeur, without good things, the sacrifice is not fat, and the offering is not beautiful and rich.