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Ziyun: "As for the father's hand, you can ride in his car but not wear his clothes. The gentleman uses this to expand filial piety." Confucius said: "The villain can all support their parents, but the gentleman is not respectful, how to distinguish?" Confucius said: "Father and son are not in the same position, so they are respectful." The Book of Documents says: "If you don't respect your ancestors, you will be disgraced." Confucius said: "When parents are alive, don't call them old, talk about filial piety but not kindness; inside the boudoir, play but don't sigh." The gentleman uses this to keep the people, and the people are still less filial and more kind. Confucius said: "The ruler of the people, the court respects the elderly, and then the people will be filial." Confucius said: "Sacrificial offerings have corpses, and they are the masters of the ancestral temples, which show the people that there is something to do. Repairing the ancestral temples and respecting the sacrifices are to teach the people to pursue filial piety." With this, the people still forget their parents.
Jian Wen said to Wang Huaizu: "You are not very talented, but you are not indifferent to fame and wealth; just a little bit of sincerity and honesty is enough to show a lot to others."
In ancient times, teachers had private schools at home, schools in the community, and schools in the country. Students entered school at the same age and were examined in the middle of the year. In the first year, they were evaluated for their ability to distinguish between classics and aspirations; in the third year, they were evaluated for their dedication to work and their enjoyment of society; in the fifth year, they were evaluated for their extensive learning and their closeness to their teachers; in the seventh year, they were evaluated for their learning and their friendships. This was called small success; in the ninth year, they were evaluated for their ability to understand the categories and to be able to establish themselves firmly without turning back. This was called great success. Only then could they transform the people and change their customs, convince those who were close to them, and make those who were far away cherish their memory. This was the way of the university. The Records says, "The moths were taught from time to time." Is this what it means?
The Master said: “In the past, the wise kings of the Three Dynasties all worshipped the gods of heaven and earth, and used divination. They did not dare to use their private interests to disrespect the gods. Therefore, they did not violate the sun and the moon, and did not violate divination. Divination does not follow each other. Big events have their dates; small events have no dates, but divination. External events use hard days, internal events use soft days. They do not violate the tortoise shells. ”The Master said: “Sacrifices, rituals and music are all prosperous, so there is no harm to the gods and ghosts, and no resentment from the people.”The Master said: “The sacrifices of Hou Ji are easy to be rich; his words are respectful, his desires are frugal, and his salary is passed on to his descendants. The Book of Songs says: ‘Hou Ji’s omen sacrifices, and the people have no guilt and regret, and this has continued to this day. ’”The Master said: “The great man’s instrument is awe-inspiring. The Son of Heaven does not use divination; the princes have divination. The Son of Heaven uses divination for the way; the princes do not use divination for countries other than their own. Divination for the house and bedroom. The Son of Heaven does not use divination for the great temple. ” Confucius said: “A gentleman is respectful and uses sacrificial vessels. Therefore, he does not abandon the sun and the moon, does not violate the tortoise shells and divination, and respectfully serves his ruler. In this way, the superiors do not disrespect the people, and the inferiors do not disrespect the superiors.”
If the eldest son is given a stick, his son will not take the position with the stick. For a wife, if the parents are alive, do not use a stick, do not bow the head. If the mother is alive, do not bow the head. Bowing the head means bowing in the gift. If you disobey the senior official of the princes, you will not return to wear clothes.
When Gongshu Wenzi died, his son Shu asked the king for a posthumous title, saying: "The sun and the moon have their time, and I will be buried. Please change his name." The king said: "In the past, Wei was in a disaster and famine, and the Master made porridge for the hungry people in the country. Wasn't it a kindness? In the past, Wei was in trouble, and the Master used his death to protect me. Wasn't it a loyalty? The Master listened to the government of Wei, improved its system, and made friends with the neighbors. The state of Wei was not humiliated. Wasn't it a culture? Therefore, the Master is called "Zhenhui Wenzi."
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