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The Master said: “The government is not going well, the education is not successful, the rank and salary are not enough to encourage, and the punishment is not enough to shame. Therefore, the superior should not be profane and treat the rank lightly. The Kanggao says: ‘Respect and wisdom are punishment. '"Fu Xing" says: "The spread of punishment is not good. '"
General Lu went to Prime Minister Wang to consult on matters, but he would change his mind afterwards. The prince was surprised by this and later asked Lu about it. Lu said: "You are superior to the people and inferior to them. At the time, I didn't know what to say, but later I realized that it was not right."
When Confucius arrived at his house, he felt sorry for the mansion. When he heard this, he became more faithful in his words and more righteous in his actions: "I will never dare to joke about Confucianism until I die."
After crying, taboos are used. In etiquette, do not taboo names that are disliked. Two names are not tabooed. If you are in the service of your parents, you should taboo the king's parents; if you are not in the service of your parents, you should not taboo the king's parents. The king has no private taboos, and the nobles have public taboos. There is no taboo in the "Book of Songs" and "Book of Documents", and there is no taboo in writing. There is no taboo in the temple. The taboos of wives, even in front of the king, are not taboos; women do not taboo when leaving home. There is no taboo for major or minor merits. Ask about the prohibitions when entering the country, ask about the customs when entering the country, and ask about the taboos when entering the door.
When the king gives a carriage and horses, ride to pay tribute to the gift; wear clothes to pay tribute to the gift; do not dare to ride or wear without the king's order. When the king gives, bow and place the gift on the ground with your palm; when wine and meat are given, do not bow twice. In all gifts, gentlemen and villains have different days. When offering to the king, the senior officials send the butcher, and the scholars are relatives, all bow twice and bow to send. When serving the king a meal, if there are meat peaches and straw, the straw is removed for the senior officials and the meat is removed for the scholars, and all are done by the butcher. The senior officials do not bow in person, as it is the king's response to themselves. The senior official bowed and gave gifts and left. The scholar waited for the promise and left. He bowed again, but no one bowed in return. The senior official personally gave gifts to the scholar. The scholar bowed and accepted. He bowed again in his room. He did not put on clothes before bowing. When the enemy was not present, he bowed in his room. Whenever he made an offering to a respected person, he did not dare to report it. The scholar did not accept the congratulations of the senior official. The lower official accepted the congratulations of the higher official. When the relatives were present, he addressed the person as father. If someone gave him gifts, he addressed him as father and bowed to him. The ceremony was not grand, and the clothes were not full. Therefore, the fur coat was not covered, and the carriage was not arranged in a proper manner.
Chen Yi from Wu County was a very filial man. His mother liked to eat burnt rice at the bottom of the pot. He was left as a clerk in the county. He always carried a bag with him. Whenever he cooked, he would store the burnt rice in it and bring it back to give to his mother. Later, when the bandit Sun En escaped from Wu County, Yuan Fujun went to fight immediately. He left behind several buckets of burnt rice that he had collected, but before he could return home, he took it with him to join the army. Fought at Hudu and was defeated. The soldiers were defeated and fled to the mountains and swamps, where many died of starvation. Only the remaining soldiers survived by eating burnt rice. People at that time believed that it was the reward for filial piety.
The Master said: “The benevolent is the model of the world; the righteous is the rule of the world; the retribution is the benefit of the world.” The Master said: “Repaying kindness with kindness will encourage the people; repaying grievances with grievances will punish the people. The Book of Songs says: ‘No words are not resentful, no virtue is not repaid.’ The Book of Taijia says: ‘Without the king, the people cannot be at peace; without the king, the four directions cannot be opened.’” The Master said: “Repaying grievances with kindness is benevolence of leniency; repaying kindness with grievances is punishment of the people.” The Master said: “The one who has no desires and likes kindness, and the one who has no fears and hates unkindness, is the only one in the world. Therefore, the gentleman discusses the way for himself and sets laws for the people.” The Master said: “There are three kinds of benevolence, the same merits as benevolence but different feelings. The same merits as benevolence, his benevolence cannot be known; the same faults as benevolence, then his benevolence can be known. The benevolent are at peace with benevolence, the wise are beneficial to benevolence, and the fearful are strong in benevolence. The benevolent are right, the righteous are left. The benevolent are human, the righteous are righteousness. Those who are thick in benevolence are thin in righteousness, they are close but not respected; those who are thick in righteousness are thin in benevolence, they are respected but not close. The righteousness has its ultimate, and the righteousness has its examination. The ultimate righteousness is the way to rule, the righteousness is the way to hegemony, and the examination of the righteousness is to make sure there is no error. ”
All the rituals for offering sacrifices to the ancestral temple: cattle are called Yiyuan Dawu, pigs are called Ganglie, pigs are called 腯肥, sheep are called Roumao, chickens are called Hanyin, dogs are called Gengxian, pheasants are called Shuzhi, rabbits are called Mingshi, dried meat is called Yinji, dried fish is called Shangji, fresh fish is called Xianji, water is called Qingdi, wine is called Qingzhuo, millet is called Xianghe, sorghum is called Xiangqi, millet is called Mingji, rice is called Jiashu, leek is called Fengben, salt is called Xianyan, jade is called Jiayu, and currency is called Liangbi.
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