Lezheng Ningdie 560万字 521239人读过 连载
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, the Xiahou clan valued rank and seniority, the Yin people valued wealth and seniority, and the Zhou people valued relatives and seniority. The Yu, Xia, Yin and Zhou dynasties were the most prosperous kings in the world, and there was no one who neglected his age. Age is the most important thing in the world; it is second only to serving one’s parents. Therefore, when the court has the same rank, seniority is valued. When a man is seventy, he cane him in the court, and when the king asks him, he sits down. When a man is eighty, he does not wait for the court, but when the king asks him, he goes to the court. When walking, he does not walk side by side, but follows him if he is not wrong. When seeing an old man, the cart drivers will make way for him; the gray-haired man does not walk on the road by his position, but the younger brother can reach the road. In the countryside, seniority is used, and the old and the poor are not left behind, the strong do not bully the weak, and the majority do not oppress the minority, and the younger brother can reach the alleys of the state. In the ancient way, people at the age of fifty were not forced to work in the fields, and they were given gifts to honor the elders, and the younger brother could be used to hunt. In the army, seniority is valued for the same rank, and the younger brother can reach the army. Filial piety and brotherhood are spread throughout the court, on the roads, in the alleys of the prefectures, in the hunting grounds, and in the army. The people die for the sake of righteousness, and dare not violate it.
Ritual is to the right state: it is like a scale to weight, a ruler to straightness, and a compass to squareness. Therefore, if the scale is honestly hung, it cannot be deceived by the weight; if the ruler is honestly laid out, it cannot be deceived by the crookedness; if the rules are honestly set up, it cannot be deceived by the squareness and roundness; a gentleman examines the rites and cannot be accused of treachery. Therefore, those who respect the rites and follow the rites are called the gentlemen with the rules; those who do not respect the rites and do not follow the rites are called the people without the rules. It is the way of respect and yielding. Therefore, when serving the ancestral temple, one is respectful; when entering the court, the noble and the humble have their positions; when living at home, the father and son are close and the brothers are harmonious; when living in the village, the elders and the young are in order. Confucius said: "To settle the state and govern the people, nothing is better than rites." This is what he meant.
What is the three-year mourning period? It is said that it is to be established according to the feelings, so as to decorate the group, distinguish the relatives and the relatives, and practice the rules, but it cannot be increased or decreased. Therefore, it is said that there is no way to change. The wound is big and the time is long, and the pain is severe and the recovery is slow. The three-year mourning period is established according to the feelings, so as to be the most painful. Cutting the mourning clothes and wearing a stick, living in a lean-to, eating porridge, sleeping on straw and pillows, is to decorate the most painful. The three-year mourning period ends in twenty-five months; the grief is not over, the longing is not forgotten, but the mourning is ended in this way. Isn’t it that there is a limit to sending off the dead and a limit to reviving the living? All living creatures between heaven and earth, with blood and breath, must have knowledge, and all sentient creatures know how to love their own kind. Now, if a large bird or beast loses its flock, after a month or more, it will return to its hometown, fly back and forth, cry, hesitate, and then leave. Even small birds, such as sparrows, still chirp for a while before leaving. Therefore, no one with blood and breath knows better than humans, so humans love their relatives until death. If you are with a person who is obsessed with adultery, he will forget about his death in the morning and follow him in the evening, which is no better than birds and beasts. How can they live together without chaos? If you are with a gentleman who is well-mannered, the three-year mourning period will be completed in twenty-five months, like a team of horses passing through a gap, but it will continue, which is endless. Therefore, the ancient kings set up the middle and set rules for them, so that they can form a culture and reason, and then they will let it go.
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更新时间:2025-03-14
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