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There was a little boy in Zhongchao whose father was sick, so he begged for medicine. The host asked about his illness, and he said, "I have malaria." The host said, "You are a noble and virtuous gentleman, why do you have malaria?" He replied, "I came to be a gentleman, so I have malaria."
Fan Xuan had never entered the government. Han Kangbo was traveling with him, so he lured them into the county together. Fan Yi got off the car from behind.
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最新章节:血女(2025-03-13)
更新时间:2025-03-13
When serving food to elders, if the host serves the food personally, then one should bow before eating; if the host does not serve the food personally, then one should eat without bowing.
The Master said: "How difficult it is for a gentleman to be benevolent! The Book of Songs says: "A gentleman who is kind and respectful is the parents of the people. 'Teach him with kindness and strength; comfort him with kindness. Be happy but not wild, be kind and respectful with courtesy, be respectful with dignity, be filial and kind and respectful. Make the people respect their fathers and be close to their mothers. Only in this way can one be a parent to the people. Who else but the most virtuous can do this? Now, the father loves his son, but loves the virtuous and the incompetent; the mother loves her son, but loves the virtuous and pities the incompetent. The mother is loved but not respected; the father is respected but not loved. Water is loved but not respected; fire is respected but not loved. Earth is loved but not respected; Heaven is respected but not loved. Fate is loved but not respected; Ghosts are respected but not loved. "The Master said: "The Xia way respected fate, served ghosts, revered gods but kept them at a distance, approached people but were loyal to them, first paid salaries and then authorized power, first rewarded and then punished, loved but not respected; the people were stupid and foolish, arrogant and unsophisticated, simple and uncultured. The Yin people respected the gods and led the people to serve the gods, first ghosts and then rituals, first punished and then rewarded, respected but not loved; the people were unruly but not calm, victorious but shameless. The Zhou people respected etiquette and valued charity. They worshipped ghosts and gods but kept them at a distance, and were close to people but loyal to them. Their rewards and punishments were based on rank, and they were close but not respectful. The people were corrupt: they were greedy and cunning, cultured but not ashamed, and treacherous but blind. "The Master said: "The Xia way did not violate words, did not seek preparation, did not expect much from the people, and the people did not get tired of their relatives; the Yin people did not violate etiquette, but sought preparation from the people; the Zhou people strengthened the people, did not violate gods, but used rewards, ranks and punishments." The Master said: "The way of Yu and Xia had few complaints from the people; the way of Yin and Zhou was not as bad as it was." The Master said: "The quality of Yu and Xia, and the culture of Yin and Zhou, are the best. The culture of Yu and Xia was not as good as its quality; the quality of Yin and Zhou was not as good as its culture." The Master said: "Although there are authors in later generations, they cannot reach the level of Emperor Yu. The ruler of the world is selfless in life and does not treat his children with kindness in death. The people are like parents, with a love of fear and sorrow, and a teaching of loyalty and benefit. He is close to them and respects them, and is safe and respectful. He is powerful and loves them. He is rich and polite, and is kind and generous. His gentleman respects benevolence and fears righteousness, is ashamed to waste and neglect reality, is loyal but not offending, is righteous and obedient, is cultured and calm, and is lenient and discerning. "Fu Xing" says: "Virtue and power are powerful, and virtue and brightness are bright. "Who else but Emperor Yu can do this?" Confucius said: "Serving the ruler first supports his words, bows and offers himself, so as to make him trustworthy. Therefore, the ruler has responsibilities for his ministers, and the ministers have the responsibility to die for their words. Therefore, he does not falsely accept rewards, and he receives fewer punishments." Confucius said: "Serving the ruler, if big words come in, he hopes for big benefits, and if small words come in, he hopes for small benefits. Therefore, a gentleman does not accept big rewards for small words, nor does he accept small rewards for big words. "Yi" says: "Not eating at home is auspicious. " Confucius said: "Serving the ruler does not make it clear, does not value words, and does not do it if it is not the right person. Xiaoya said: "Be calm and upright in your position; the gods will listen to you, and you will be ashamed of yourself." Confucius said: "If you advise your lord from a distance, you are a flatterer; if you do not advise your lord from a close distance, you are a sycophant." Confucius said: "The ministers near you should guard the harmony, the ministers should rectify the hundreds of officials, and the ministers should consider the four directions." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should want to advise him but not to express your opinions. The Book of Songs says: "If the heart loves, it will not mention its flaws; if the heart hides it, how can it be forgotten?" Confucius said: "If it is difficult to advance in your lord and easy to retreat, your position will be in order; if it is easy to advance in your lord and difficult to retreat, then there will be chaos. Therefore, a gentleman bows three times before advancing and says goodbye once before retreating, so as to avoid chaos." Confucius said: "If you refuse to serve your lord three times and do not leave, then you will seek profit and fame; even if people say they don't want it, I will not believe them." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should be cautious at the beginning and respectful at the end." Confucius said: "You can be noble or humble, rich or poor, alive or dead, but you must not make it cause chaos. "The Master said, "In serving the sovereign, one should not avoid difficulties in the army or refuse humble positions in the court. If one is in a position but does not perform his duties, chaos will occur. Therefore, if the sovereign enables his ministers to achieve their goals, then he should carefully consider and follow them; if not, then he should consider carefully and follow them. To retire after the end of a task is a sign of the minister's loyalty. The Book of Changes says, 'Not serving the king or the nobles is to be noble in one's work.'" The Master said, "Only the emperor receives his mandate from heaven, and the scholars receive their mandate from the sovereign. Therefore, if the sovereign's orders are in compliance with the sovereign's orders, the ministers will obey the orders; if the sovereign's orders are in opposition to the sovereign's orders, the ministers will disobey the orders. The Book of Songs says, 'The magpie is ginger and the quail is bell-bellied; I regard people who are unscrupulous as my sovereign.'"
The mourner sits to the west of the gate, facing east; the intermediary is to the southeast, facing north and west, west of the gate. The host faces west. The minister receives the order and says, "I have sent someone to ask for something." The guest says, "My king has sent someone, how can it be wrong!" The minister goes in and reports, and comes out saying, "I have to go. "The mourners come in, and the host goes up to the hall, facing west. The mourners go up from the west steps, facing east, and say to the king: "My king heard of your death. My king appointed someone. How could it be wrong!" Zi bowed and kowtowed, and the mourners went down and returned to their seats. The bearer held the jade and was about to give orders, saying: "My king appointed someone to hold it." The assistant came in to report, and came out and said: "I am going to die." The bearer came in, went up to the hall, and gave orders. He bowed again and kowtowed. The bearer sat on the southeast side of the coffin, with a reed mat; after the burial, there was a cattail mat. He went down, went out, and returned to his seat. The prime minister put on court clothes, that is, mourning shoes, and went up from the west steps, facing west, and sat to take the jade, and went down from the east of the west steps. The cloaker said: "My king appointed someone to hold it." The assistant came in to report, and came out and said: "I am going to die." The cloaker held the crown and robes; the left held the collar, and the right held the key. He went in, went up to the hall, and said to the king: "My king appointed someone to hold it." "The son bows and kowtows. He leaves his clothes on the east side of the coffin. The attendant of the coffin steps down and receives the robes and caps of nobility at the gate. When he is about to give orders, the son bows and kowtows as before. He receives the leather caps and caps in the middle courtyard. He receives the court robes at the west steps and the black robes at the hall. When he is about to give orders, the son bows and kowtows as before. The attendant of the coffin steps down, goes out and returns to his seat. Five ministers carry him to the east. He descends from the west steps. They also carry him facing west. He presents the gift: holding the jade tablet and giving orders, he says, "My king has ordered me to present the gift." The prime minister goes in to report and returns with the order, saying, "I am gone." "The carriage of a yellow horse was arranged along the main road in the middle courtyard, with the chariot pointing north. Holding the jade tablet, the emperor was about to give orders. The guests and messengers came down from the west along the road. The son bowed and kowtowed, and sat down at the southeast corner of the coffin. The chief minister stood to the east. Whenever an order was to be given, the son bowed and kowtowed. He sat facing west and gave it to the emperor. The chief minister held up the jade tablet and the jade tablet, and the chief minister held up the robe, and they went up from the west steps, facing west, sat down to take them, and went down from the west steps. The bearer of the coffin went out and sat back outside the door. The guest of honor came in and said, "My king has matters to attend to at the ancestral temple, so he cannot serve. He has sent an old man to hold the sash." The bearer returned and said, "I will be gone." The person who came in entered the door on the right, and the bearers followed him and stood to the east of him on the left. The clan members received the guests, went up, and received the order from the king; when they came down, they said, "I dare not accept the humiliation of my son, and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king has ordered me not to look at the guests, so I refuse. "The clan member replied, "I dare to firmly refuse the humiliation of my son and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king ordered me not to look at the guests, so I dare to firmly refuse." The clan member replied, "I dare to firmly refuse the humiliation of my son and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king ordered me not to look at the guests, so I dare to firmly refuse. I refused but was not ordered, so I dare not disrespectfully obey. "The guest stood on the west side of the gate, and the assistant stood on his left, going up to the east. The sovereign descended from the steps of the east, bowed, and cried, and danced three times with the guest. The guest left and sent him outside the gate, bowing and bowing his head.
In the morning, the three elders are in the school. The king is preceded by the shaman and followed by the historian. The divination and the blind man are all on his left and right. The king’s heart is to do nothing, in order to maintain the highest righteousness. Therefore, rituals are performed in the suburbs, and all gods receive their duties there. Rituals are performed in the community, and all kinds of goods can be achieved there. Rituals are performed in the ancestral temple, and filial piety and kindness are worn there. Rituals are performed in the five sacrifices, and the laws are rectified there. Therefore, from the suburbs, the community, the ancestral temple, the mountains and rivers, and the five sacrifices, the righteousness is cultivated and the ritual is stored. Therefore, rituals must be based on the great one, divided into heaven and earth, turned into yin and yang, changed into the four seasons, and arranged into ghosts and gods. The descent is called destiny, and its office is in heaven. Rituals must be based on heaven, moved by the land, arranged by things, changed by the seasons, coordinated by the division of arts, and the living of people is called nourishment. It is performed with goods and strength, and with resignation: food and drink, weddings, funerals, sacrifices, archery, and court appointments. Therefore, rites and righteousness are the great principles of human beings. They are used to cultivate trust and harmony, and to strengthen the connection of human skin and bones. They are the great principles for maintaining health, sending off the dead, and serving the gods. They are the great secrets for understanding the way of heaven and following human nature. Therefore, only the sages know that rites cannot be stopped. Therefore, when a country is ruined, a family is lost, or a person is killed, rites must be abandoned first. Therefore, rites are to people like wine has its own taste. Gentlemen use thick wine, while villains use thin wine. Therefore, sage kings cultivate the handle of righteousness and the order of rites to govern human nature. Therefore, human nature is the field of sage kings. Cultivate rites to cultivate it, explain righteousness to plant it, teach learning to weed it, root benevolence to gather it, and spread music to comfort it. Therefore, rites are the essence of righteousness. If you coordinate with all righteousness, then rites, which were not available to the ancient kings, can be established with righteousness. Righteousness is the division of art and the section of benevolence. If you coordinate with art and teach benevolence, those who have it will be strong. Benevolence is the root of righteousness and the essence of obedience. Those who have it are respected. Therefore, if one does not govern the country with propriety, it is like tilling the field without a hoe; if one does not base propriety on righteousness, it is like tilling the field without planting; if one does righteousness without studying it, it is like planting without weeding; if one studies it without combining it with benevolence, it is like weeding without harvesting; if one combines it with benevolence but does not comfort it with pleasure, it is like harvesting without eating; if one comforts it with pleasure but does not reach obedience, it is like eating without getting fat. When the four limbs are straight, the skin and leather are full, then a person is fat. When father and son are loyal, brothers are harmonious, and husband and wife are harmonious, then a family is fat. When the ministers are law-abiding, the junior ministers are honest, the officials are in order, and the ruler and ministers are in order, then a country is fat. When the emperor uses virtue as his chariot and music as his chariot, when the princes treat each other with propriety, when the great officials follow the law to order each other, when the scholars examine each other with trust, and when the people keep each other in harmony, then the world is fat. This is called great obedience. Great obedience is the way to maintain health and send off the dead, and to serve ghosts and gods. The story is that the accumulation of large things does not mean that they are gardens, the paralleling of things does not mean that they are wrong, and the walking of small things does not mean that they are lost. It is deep and connected, and luxuriant but with gaps. It is connected but does not reach each other, and it moves but does not harm each other. This is the ultimate obedience. Therefore, only when you understand obedience can you guard against danger. Therefore, the difference between rituals is not to be plentiful, and not to kill, so as to maintain emotions and meet danger. Therefore, the reason why the sage king is obedient is that he does not allow the mountain people to live in the river, and does not allow the islet people to live in the central plain, so as not to be exhausted. Use water, fire, gold and wood, and eat and drink in season. Marry men and women, and grant titles, and they must be virtuous in the year. Use the people in obedience. Therefore, there are no disasters such as floods, droughts, insects, and the people do not suffer from diseases such as famine, evil spirits and evil spirits. Therefore, the sky does not love its way, the earth does not love its treasures, and people do not love their emotions. Therefore, the sky sends down the oil and dew, the earth produces sweet springs, the mountains produce vehicles, the rivers produce horse pictures, the phoenix and the unicorn are all in the suburbs, the turtle and the dragon are in the palace and the marsh, and the eggs and embryos of other birds and beasts can all be seen from above. Then there is no reason. The ancient kings were able to cultivate rituals to achieve righteousness and to embody trust to achieve compliance, so this is the reality of compliance.
Although Liu Kun was alienated from the invaders, he still had ambitions for the present dynasty. He said to Wen Qiao: "Ban Biao saw the revival of the Liu family, and Ma Yuan knew that Han Guang could be assisted. Although the Jin dynasty is in decline, the destiny has not changed. I want to establish merit in Hebei, so that you can spread your reputation in Jiangnan. Will you go?" Wen said: "Although Qiao is not smart, his talent is not that of the past. You have the qualities of Huan and Wen, and you have established merits. How dare I refuse the mission!"
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