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Yi Mao 233万字 409170人读过连载

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In all ways of governing people, nothing is more urgent than ritual. There are five classics of ritual, and nothing is more important than sacrifice. Sacrifice is not something that comes from the outside, but something that comes from the heart; the heart is afraid and respects it with ritual. Therefore, only the wise can fully fulfill the meaning of sacrifice. When a wise man offers sacrifice, he will surely receive blessing. This is not what the world calls blessing. Blessing means preparation; preparation is the name of a hundred obediences. Those who are obedient in everything are called prepared. It means that one should be devoted to oneself internally and obedient to the Way externally. A loyal minister serves his lord, and a filial son serves his parents. The root of this is the same. Obedient to the gods above, obedient to the lord externally, and filial to the parents internally. This is called preparation. Only the wise man can be prepared, and only when he is prepared can he offer sacrifice. Therefore, the sacrifice of the wise man is to show his sincerity and loyalty, to offer him things, to guide him with etiquette, to comfort him with music, and to participate in the time. It is clear and that is all. Do not seek to do it. This is the heart of the filial son. Offering sacrifice is to commemorate and continue the filial piety. Filial piety means nurturing. Obeying the Way and not going against the ethics is called nurturing. Therefore, when a filial son serves his parents, there are three ways: nurturing when they are alive, mourning when they are dead, and offering sacrifice after the mourning. In raising a child, we observe his obedience; in mourning, we observe his sorrow; in offering sacrifices, we observe his respect and timing. Those who fulfill these three ways are filial sons. After doing their best internally, they also seek help from outside, which is the wedding ceremony. Therefore, the king of a country takes the wife's words: "Please share my humble city with your daughter and serve the ancestral temple and the altar of the country." This is the basis of seeking help. In sacrifices, the husband and wife must be close to each other, so as to prepare the external and internal officials; if the officials are prepared, everything is complete. The pickled water grass, the minced meat of land products, and the small things are ready; the three animals are prepared for the sacrificial table, the fruits of the eight dishes are prepared, and the different insects, the fruits of the plants and trees, and the things of yin and yang are prepared. All the things born by heaven and the long things of the earth, as long as they can be offered, are all present, showing that everything is done. To use everything externally and to do one's best internally is the heart of sacrifice. Therefore, the emperor personally ploughs in the southern suburbs to share the prosperity; the queen raises silkworms in the northern suburbs to share the pure clothes. The princes ploughed in the eastern suburbs to share the prosperity; the ladies raised silkworms in the northern suburbs to share the crown and clothing. The emperor and the princes did not plough without him, and the queen and her wives did not plough without him. They should be sincere and honest. Sincerity is called perfection, and perfection is called respect. Only when respect is reached can one serve the gods. This is the way of offering sacrifices. When offering sacrifices in time, the gentleman is in order. The word "Qi" means to be in order. The one who is not in order is in order. Therefore, the gentleman is not in order unless he has a major event or is respectful. If he is not in order, he will not be on guard against things, and his desires will not be stopped. When he is about to be in order, he will guard against evil things, stop his desires, and his ears will not listen to music. Therefore, it is recorded in the book: "The one who is in order is not happy", which means that he dare not be distracted. If the heart is not careless, it must follow the way; if the hands and feet are not careless, they must follow the etiquette. Therefore, the gentleman's order is to concentrate on his wisdom and wisdom. Therefore, it takes seven days to disperse the order and three days to make it. The order is called order. Qi means the utmost wisdom, and only then can one communicate with the gods. Therefore, one day before the date, the palace minister stays with the lady, and the lady also disperses Qi for seven days and gathers Qi for three days. The king gathers Qi outside, and the lady gathers Qi inside, and then they meet in the Great Temple. The king stands in the east with a pure crown, and the lady stands in the east room with a deputy crown. The king holds the jade tablet and the naked corpse, and the great clan holds the jade tablet and the second naked corpse. When welcoming the sacrifice, the king holds the silk, and the ministers and officials hold the grass. The clan women hold the jar and follow the lady to offer the water. The king holds the phoenix knife and the lady offers the beans. This is called the closeness between husband and wife.

Zeng Zi asked, "When a envoy dies in his residence, etiquette says: public residences are restored, but private residences are not restored. In all countries where envoys are granted residences by officials, public residences are already public residences, so why do you say that private residences are not restored?" Confucius said, "What a good question! The homes of ministers, officials, and scholars are called private residences; public residences and official residences are called public residences. The restoration of public residences is what it means." Zeng Zi asked, "The lower dead: Tu Zhou buried in the garden, and then went there by carriage, because the road was close. Now the tomb is far away, how should it be buried?" Confucius said, "I heard Lao Dan say: In the past, Shi Yi had a son who died, which was the lower dead. The tomb was far away, and Zhao Gong asked him, 'Why don't you bury him in the palace? ' Shi Yi said, 'How dare I? ’ Duke Zhao told Duke Zhou about this, and Duke Zhou said, ‘Is it not possible?’ Shi Yi did it. The use of coffins and coffins for the deceased was first introduced by Shi Yi.

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When Yu Wenkang died, He Yangzhou said at his funeral: "Buried in the soil, how can we stop feeling sad!"

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Invite the guest, "Throw it in order. If the two throws are not released, the winner will drink. After the cup is served, please set up a horse for the winner. One horse follows two horses. After three horses are set up, please celebrate with more horses." The host asked the host to do the same.

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The solemn and condensed air of heaven and earth begins in the southwest and flourishes in the northwest. This is the dignified air of heaven and earth, and the righteous air of heaven and earth. The warm and gentle air of heaven and earth begins in the northeast and flourishes in the southeast. This is the great virtue of heaven and earth, and the benevolent air of heaven and earth. The host respects the guest, so he sits the guest in the northwest, and sits in the southwest to assist the guest. The guest is a person who treats people with righteousness, so he sits in the northwest. The host is a person who treats people with great virtue, so he sits in the southeast. The host sits in the northeast to assist the host. When benevolence and righteousness meet, the host and the guest have affairs, and the number of sacrificial vessels is called sanctity. The sanctity is established and treated with respect, which is called courtesy. The courtesy of respecting the elders and the young is called virtue. Virtue is obtained from the body. Therefore, it is said that those who studied the Dao in ancient times would gain a body. Therefore, the sages are concerned with this.

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Zigong withdrew and said to You, “May I ask if rituals are used to lead to evil and complete good?” The Master said, “Yes.” “Then what?” The Master said, “The meaning of suburban and communal sacrifices is to benevolent to ghosts and gods; the ritual of tasting the sacrifices is to benevolent to the ancestors and grandparents; the ritual of offering sacrifices is to benevolent to the dead and the dead; the ritual of shooting in the village is to benevolent to the villagers; the ritual of eating and drinking is to benevolent to guests.” The Master said, “If you understand the meaning of suburban and communal sacrifices and the ritual of tasting the sacrifices, governing the country will be as easy as pointing to the palm of your hand! Therefore, with this, the residence is well-mannered, so the elders and the younger ones are distinguished. With this, the inner chambers are well-mannered, so the three clans are harmonious. With this, the court is well-mannered, so the official ranks are well-organized. With this, the hunting is well-mannered, so the military affairs are relaxed. With this, the military is well-mannered, so the military achievements are accomplished. Therefore, the palaces are built with the right scale, the tripods are measured with the right image, the food is served at the right time, the music is played with the right rhythm, the carriages are well-mannered, the ghosts and gods are worshipped with the right style, the funerals are mournful, the arguments are well-organized, the officials are well-organized, and the government affairs are well-implemented; they are applied to the body and arranged in front of the people, so that all the actions of the people are well-organized. ”

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