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The emperor offers sacrifices to heaven and earth, to the four directions, to mountains and rivers, and to the five sacrifices every year. The princes offer sacrifices to the four directions, to mountains and rivers, and to the five sacrifices every year. The officials offer sacrifices to the five sacrifices every year. The scholars offer sacrifices to their ancestors.
Xu Xuandu stayed in the capital for a month, and Liu Yin went to see him every day. He sighed and said, "If you don't go again for a while, I will become a frivolous Yin!"
When Confucius was at home, Zixia served him. Zixia said, "May I ask what the Book of Songs says: 'The noble and the gentleman are the parents of the people'. How can this be called the parents of the people? ”Confucius said: "The parents of the people must understand the origin of ritual and music, so as to achieve the five ultimates, and practice the three nothings, so as to be able to rule the world. If there is a defeat in the four directions, they must know it first. This is called the parents of the people. ”
When Su Jun arrived at Shitou, all the officials fled and only the attendant Zhong Ya stayed by the emperor's side. Someone said to Zhong, "Advance when you see an opportunity and retreat when you see difficulty. This is the ancient way. Your Majesty is bright and upright, so he will not be tolerated by the enemy. Why don't you take advantage of the situation instead of waiting for the consequences?" Zhong said, "I can't help the country when it is in chaos and I can't save the king when he is in danger. If we all retreat and try to save ourselves, I'm afraid Dong Hu will take the tablet and advance!"
Do not pull the coming, do not report the past, do not blaspheme the gods, do not follow the wrong, do not predict the unknown. Scholars rely on virtue and enjoy art; workers rely on law and enjoy persuasion. Do not criticize clothes and tools, do not be pedantic of words. The beauty of words is solemn and majestic; the beauty of the court is full of people; the beauty of sacrifice is orderly and majestic; the beauty of carriages and horses is not timid; the beauty of phoenixes is solemn and peaceful. Ask the king's sons, the elder one says: "He can follow the affairs of the state"; the younger one says: "He can control" or "He can't control". When asked about the age of a senior official's son, if he is older, he will say, "He can follow the music of the musicians"; if he is younger, he will say, "He can be correct in the music of the musicians" but he cannot be correct in the music of the musicians". When asked about the age of a scholar's son, if he is older, he will say, "He can plough the fields"; if he is younger, he will say, "He can carry firewood" but he cannot carry firewood. He cannot walk when holding a jade or tortoise shell, nor when he is in the hall or on the city wall. He cannot walk in a military carriage; the intermediary cannot bow.
The Master said: “If it is easy for the superiors to do things and easy for the inferiors to understand, then the punishments will not be complicated.” The Master said: “If the virtuous are favored as in the “Black Clothes” and the evil are disliked as in the “Hang Bo”, then the titles will not be disrespected and the people will be willing, and the punishments will not be tested and the people will obey. The Great Odes say: ‘The punishments of King Wen are followed, and the nations will be faithful.’” The Master said: “If the people are taught virtue and regulated by rites, then the people will have a sense of discipline; if they are taught politics and regulated by punishments, then the people will have a sense of evasion. Therefore, if the ruler loves the people, then the people will be close to him; if he is trustworthy, then the people will not betray him; if he is respectful, then the people will have a respectful heart. The Fu Xing says: ‘The people are punished by fate and regulated by punishments. Only the five cruel punishments are called laws. Therefore, the people have bad virtues and are finally exterminated from the world. ’”
When Deng You first sought refuge, he abandoned his own son on the road and saved his disciples. After crossing the river, he took a concubine and loved her very much. Many years later, when I asked him about the reason, I was told that he was a northerner who had suffered from rebellion. I remembered his parents' names and found out that he was You's nephew. You had always been a virtuous man with impeccable words and deeds. When he heard about this, he felt grief and resentment for the rest of his life and never kept a concubine again.
In this month, he orders the water hunters and fishermen to collect taxes from springs, ponds and lakes. No one dares to encroach on the people, thinking that the emperor is causing resentment among the people. If there is such a person, he will be punished without pardon. If the spring order is carried out in the first month of winter, the frost will not be tight, the earth's air will leak upward, and many people will flee. If the summer order is carried out, there will be many storms in the country, the winter will not be cold, and hibernating insects will come out again. If the autumn order is carried out, snow and frost will not fall at the right time, small soldiers will rise from time to time, and the land will be encroached.
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