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Whenever Huan Changshi heard people talking about Lord Shen, he would say, "This man has a long-standing reputation, is well-known by our ancestors, and is also a close friend of our ancestors. It is not appropriate to talk about him."
He Huqi's younger brother wanted to avoid the world because of his noble sentiments, but Huqi persuaded him to take up an official post. He replied, "I am ranked fifth, why should I reduce the number of cavalry?"
The Master said: “If it is easy for the superiors to do things and easy for the inferiors to understand, then the punishments will not be complicated.” The Master said: “If the virtuous are favored as in the “Black Clothes” and the evil are disliked as in the “Hang Bo”, then the titles will not be disrespected and the people will be willing, and the punishments will not be tested and the people will obey. The Great Odes say: ‘The punishments of King Wen are followed, and the nations will be faithful.’” The Master said: “If the people are taught virtue and regulated by rites, then the people will have a sense of discipline; if they are taught politics and regulated by punishments, then the people will have a sense of evasion. Therefore, if the ruler loves the people, then the people will be close to him; if he is trustworthy, then the people will not betray him; if he is respectful, then the people will have a respectful heart. The Fu Xing says: ‘The people are punished by fate and regulated by punishments. Only the five cruel punishments are called laws. Therefore, the people have bad virtues and are finally exterminated from the world. ’”
Someone asked, "Why do people bury their parents after three days of death?" The answer is: filial sons are sad and resentful when their parents die, so they crawl on the ground and cry, as if they will be resurrected, how can they be taken away and buried. Therefore, it is said that the funeral is held after three days, in order to wait for the body to be reborn. If the body is not reborn after three days, it is also dead. The filial son's heart will also be weakened; the family plan and clothing can also be completed; the distant relatives can also come. Therefore, the sages made a decision to set a three-day ritual system.
Yu Daoji said: "In terms of thinking about the principles and harmony of ethics, I am ashamed of Kangbo; in terms of strong will and uprightness, I am ashamed of Wendu. From then on, I am a hundred times better than them all."
Confucius shot in the garden of the prime minister, and the spectators were like a wall. When shooting reached Sima, he asked Zilu to hold the bow and arrow, and went out to shoot and said: "The generals of the Ben army, the great officials who lost the country, and those who were behind others will not enter, and the rest will enter." Half of them left and half entered. He also ordered Gongwangzhiqiu and Xudian to hold up a cup and speak. Gongwangzhiqiu held up a cup and spoke, saying: "Those who are filial and respectful to their brothers when young and strong, and who are courteous and polite when old and old, who do not follow the trend and cultivate themselves to wait for death, are not in this position." Half of them left, and half stayed. Xudian held up a cup again and spoke, saying: "Those who are eager to learn, who are unchanging in their love of etiquette, and who praise the way without disorder during the period of the flag period, are not in this position." Only those who survived.
When granting titles, the Zhao is one and the Mu is one. The Zhao and the Zhao are of the same rank, and the Mu and the Mu are of the same rank. All officials are based on their rank. This is called the order of seniority. In sacrifices, there are people who give gifts to the brilliant and the humble, which is the way to benevolent to the lower. Only a virtuous ruler can do this, with enough wisdom to see it and enough benevolence to give it. "Bi" means "give", and it means to give the rest to those below. Hui is the lowest among the armor officials; Bao is the lowest among the meat officials; Zhai is the lowest among the music officials; and Yan is the lowest among the gatekeepers. In ancient times, criminals were not allowed to guard the gates. These four guards were the lowest among the officials. The corpse is also the most honorable; the most honorable is the last of the sacrifices, but the lowest is not forgotten, and the rest is given to it. Therefore, when a wise ruler is in power, the people in the country will not be cold and hungry. This is called the connection between the upper and the lower.
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