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When Mu Bo died, Jing Jiang cried during the day; when Wen Bo died, she cried day and night. Confucius said, "You know etiquette."
A gentleman practices etiquette and does not seek to change customs. The rituals of sacrifice, mourning clothes, and crying positions are all the same as those of his country. He should carefully revise the laws and implement them carefully. After leaving the country for three generations, the title and salary are listed in the court, and there is an imperial edict to the country when entering and leaving. If brothers and clansmen are still alive, they should report to the clan queen; after leaving the country for three generations, the title and salary are not listed in the court, and there is no imperial edict to the country when entering and leaving. Only on the day of the new country, the law of the new country should be followed. A gentleman does not change his name after he is orphaned. If he becomes noble after being orphaned, he does not give his father a posthumous title. In mourning, before the burial, read the funeral ceremony; after the burial, read the sacrificial ceremony; after the mourning, read the music.
Duke Dao's mother died, and Duke Ai wore mourning clothes. Youruo said, "Is it proper to wear mourning clothes for a concubine?" The Duke said, "How can I do this? The people of Lu married me." Ji Zigao buried his wife and broke into other people's crops. He reported to the emperor, "Please give me a Geng." Zigao said, "Mengshi did not blame me for this, and my friends did not abandon me for this. They thought I was the head of the town. If I buy a way to bury the deceased, it will be difficult for the future to succeed me." For those who have not yet received official salary: if the king gives them gifts, they call them offerings, and if they send them to the king, they call them the widowed king; if they disobey the king and the king dies, they will not mourn for him. The corpse is set up with a few mats. When the crying is over, the taboo is used. When the living affairs are over, the ghost affairs begin to end. When the crying is over, the prime minister holds a wooden bell and orders the palace, "Abandon the old and avoid the new." From the bedroom door to the warehouse door. Two names are not tabooed. The mother of the master is named Zhengzai; if it is Zai, it is not Zheng, and if it is Zheng, it is not Zai. When the army is worried, they cry outside the warehouse door in plain clothes, and do not carry a bag when they go to the carriage. If the room of their ancestors is burned, they cry for three days. Therefore, it is said: "When a new palace is on fire, one should also cry for three days."
When the king summons, even if they are low-ranking people, officials and scholars must drive themselves. The assistants do not bow, but bow for the bow of others. The auspicious carriage is open to the left, and riding in the king's carriage is not allowed to open to the left; the left must be bowed. When the servants drive, women advance their left hands, then their right hands; when driving the king, advance their right hands, then their left hands and bow. The king does not ride in a strange carriage. Do not cough widely on the carriage, and do not point randomly. Stand and look at the five corners, look at the horse's tail, and look back not beyond the hub. In the country, use a whip to show respect and do not drive. Dust does not go astray. The king of a country lowers his cattle to the ancestral temple. The great officials and scholars lower their gates to the public office and ride on the road. When riding on a road horse, one must wear court clothes and carry a whip and spurs. One must not give the reins, and the left hand must be in a hurry. When walking on a road horse, one must walk in the middle of the road. If one uses his feet to push the road horse's fodder, he will be punished. If one is a senior road horse, he will be punished.
The mortar is made of a 椈, and the pestle is made of a wutong. The loquat is made of mulberry, three feet long; or five feet. The end is made of mulberry, three feet long, and the handle and end are carved. The belts of the princes and officials are all five-colored; the scholars are Second collection. Li is rice wine. The urn, jar, and basket should be filled only when the contents are visible. It is heavy, and should be buried after the funeral.
Sacrifice is a great thing, and it is a preparation for everything. Is it the root of education to follow the preparation? Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman is to teach people to respect their rulers and elders externally and to be filial to their parents internally. Therefore, when a wise ruler is above, all ministers obey; when the ancestral temples and the altar of the country are respected, the descendants are obedient and filial. Do your best and be upright in your righteousness, and the teaching will come into being. Therefore, when a gentleman serves his ruler, he must practice it himself. What he does not like in his superiors, he will not use his subordinates; what he hates in his subordinates, he will not serve his superiors; if he does not do it to others, he will do it to himself, which is not the way of teaching. Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman must start from its root and follow the ultimate, and sacrifice is it? Therefore, it is said: sacrifice is the root of education. There are ten relationships in sacrifice: the way to serve ghosts and gods, the righteousness between the ruler and the minister, the relationship between father and son, the distinction between the noble and the humble, the killing of relatives and strangers, the bestowal of titles and rewards, the difference between husband and wife, the balance of political affairs, the order of the old and the young, and the relationship between superiors and subordinates. These are the ten relationships.
Wang Changshi and Xie Renzu were both Wang Gongyuan. The Chief Secretary said, "Yuan Xie can perform a unique dance." Xie then started to dance, his mind and body completely relaxed. The prince looked at it carefully and said to the guest, "It makes people miss Anfeng."
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