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Zengzi asked, "When the eldest son of the clan is a scholar and the son of a concubine is a senior official, how should they perform the sacrifice?" Confucius said, "The above animals are offered at the home of the eldest son of the clan. The prayer is: 'The filial son so-and-so will recommend the Jie son so-and-so for his usual duties.' If the eldest son of the clan is guilty and lives in another country, and the son of a concubine is a senior official, the prayer is: 'The filial son so-and-so will ask the Jie son so-and-so to perform his usual duties.' The host does not tire of offering sacrifices, does not travel, does not borrow, does not appease the sacrifice, and does not match. He lays out offerings to the guests, and the guests offer but do not raise them, and do not return the meat. He says to the guests, 'My elder brother, younger brother, and eldest son of the clan are in another country, so I am leaving.'" Zengzi asked, "When the eldest son of the clan is away in another country, can the son of a concubine live without a title offer sacrifices?" Confucius said, "Yes!" Please ask, "How should they offer sacrifices?" Confucius said, "Build an altar in front of the tomb and offer sacrifices at the right time. If the eldest son of the clan dies, inform the tomb and then offer sacrifices at home. When the eldest son of the clan dies, he is called by name without mentioning filial piety, and his body is gone. Ziyou and his followers, who have concubines' sons, offer sacrifices in this way, as if it is righteousness. Today's sacrificers do not put their righteousness first, so they accuse the sacrifice. Zengzi asked: "Is there a corpse in the sacrifice? Is it also okay to offer sacrifices with abstentions?" Confucius said: "When offering sacrifices to the deceased, there must be a corpse, and the corpse must be a grandson. If the grandson is young, let someone hold it. If there is no grandson, it is okay to take someone of the same surname. Offering sacrifices to the deceased must be with abstentions, which means it is not successful. Offering sacrifices to the deceased but without a corpse is a sacrifice of the deceased." Confucius said: "There are Yin abstentions and Yang abstentions." Zengzi asked: "The deceased is not offered sacrifices with abstentions, what is Yin abstentions and Yang abstentions?" Confucius said: "The eldest son dies because of the deceased, and the concubine's son does not become his successor. The auspicious sacrifices are special sacrifices. When offering sacrifices to the deceased, there is no offering of sacrifices, no shavings, no dark wine, and no announcement of the benefits. This is called Yin abstentions. In case of death and death, and those who have no descendants, sacrifices are offered at the home of the eldest son of the clan, with the white of the room in the east room as the sacrifice. This is called Yangyan.

The perpetrator and the runner

The court talks about dogs and horses. If you stop the court and look back, there will be no unusual events, but there will be unusual concerns. Therefore, if you stop the court and look back, the gentleman calls it firm.

Ancient Honor and Favor Notes

The King of Liang and the King of Zhao were close relatives of the country and were highly respected at the time. Duke Pei Ling asked the two countries to pay millions of yuan in rent every year to help the poor among his relatives. Someone ridiculed him and said, "Why do you beg for things to do good?" Pei said, "To take away from the surplus and give to the deficiency is the way of heaven."

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When Tao Gong was young, he worked as a fish weir official and once offered fish crucibles to his mother as a reward. The mother sealed the fish and gave it to the envoy, and wrote back to rebuke Kan, saying: "You are an official, and you use official goods to pay the bills. Not only is it of no benefit, but it also adds to my worries."

Confused mother beats the wrong father

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When Liu Gongrong drank with others, he drank with a mix of dirty and inappropriate people, and some people ridiculed him. He replied, “Those who are better than you, must drink with you; those who are not as good as you, must also drink with you; and those who are of your level, must also drink with you.” So they drank together all day and got drunk.