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The Cold Prince and the Proud Wife

Zeng Zi asked: "What should be done if there is a funeral? What comes first and what comes later?" Confucius said: "In the funeral, the light is first and then the heavy; the offering is first and then the light; it is a ritual. From the beginning to the funeral, there is no offering, and there is no mourning during the funeral; after the funeral, there is an offering, and then say goodbye to the funeral, and then do the funeral. The funeral is first heavy and then light, which is a ritual." Confucius said: "Even if the son of the clan is seventy, there is no one without a mistress; if he is not a son of the clan, it is okay even if he has no mistress."

Rescue: Alone in Danger

After Confucius was buried in Fang, he said: "I have heard that in ancient times, there were tombs but no graves; now there are mounds, and people from all directions can be recognized." So he sealed it and made it four feet high.

Tian Ge, Three Lives Live Up to Three Worlds

There are four seasons for sacrifice: spring sacrifice is called "礿", summer sacrifice is called "禘", autumn sacrifice is called "常", and winter sacrifice is called "朕". "礿" and "禘" are yang meanings; "常" and "朕" are yin meanings. "禘" is the prosperity of yang, and "常" is the prosperity of yin. Therefore, it is said that nothing is more important than "禘" and "常". In ancient times, during the sacrifice, the officials gave out titles and clothes, which was in accordance with the righteousness of the Yang. During the harvest, the officials gave out fields and towns, and issued autumn policies, which was in accordance with the righteousness of the Yin. Therefore, it is recorded: "On the day of harvest, the public office was given out to show the reward; the moxa was used as ink; before the autumn policies were issued, the people dared not to harvest." Therefore, it is said that the righteousness of the sacrifice and the harvest is great. It is the foundation of governing a country, and it is important not to be ignorant of it. The ruler is clear about the righteousness, and the minister is capable of his duties. If the ruler is not clear about the righteousness, he is not perfect; if he is not capable of his duties, he is not perfect as a minister. Righteousness is the way to help the will, and it is the manifestation of all virtues. Therefore, those whose virtues are strong have strong wills; those whose wills are strong have clear righteousness. Those whose righteousness is clear have respect in their sacrifices. If the sacrifices are respectful, then all the descendants of the family will dare not be disrespectful. Therefore, when a gentleman sacrifices, he must personally attend; if there is a reason, he can send others. Even if he sends others, the ruler does not lose his righteousness, because the ruler understands his righteousness. Those who are of low virtue and low ambition are doubtful about the righteousness and ask for sacrifices. If they are forced to be respectful, they cannot help it. If you offer sacrifices without respect, how can you be the parents of the people? The tripod has an inscription. The inscription is a self-name. The self-name is used to praise the goodness of the ancestors and to make it clear to future generations. Those who are ancestors have both good and bad things. The meaning of the inscription is to praise the good and not the bad. This is the heart of filial sons and grandsons. Only virtuous people can do this. The inscription is to discuss the virtues and goodness of the ancestors, their merits and achievements, and to celebrate and reward their reputations throughout the world and to use them as sacrificial vessels; to make a name for oneself and to worship the ancestors. To praise the ancestors is to honor filial piety. To compare oneself with them is obedience. To show future generations clearly is teaching. The inscription is to name them once and everyone above and below will benefit from it. Therefore, when a gentleman looks at the inscription, he should not only praise what is said, but also praise what is done. Those who do it, who are clear enough to see it, kind enough to give it, and knowledgeable enough to benefit it, can be called virtuous. Virtuous but not boastful, can be called respectful. Therefore, the inscription on the tripod of Kong Kui of Wei reads: On the 19th day of the sixth month, the Duke was in the Great Temple. The Duke said: "Uncle! This is the ancestor Zhuang Shu, who was on the left and right of Cheng Gong. Cheng Gong ordered Zhuang Shu to follow the refuge in Hanyang, and then to the palace in Zong Zhou, and ran without shooting. He told the right Xiang Gong. Xiang Gong ordered Cheng Shu to inherit the ancestors' clothes. This is the father of Wen Shu, who revived the old wishes of the elders, led the celebration of the people, and personally cared for the state of Wei. He was diligent in the public family, working day and night without rest, and the people all said: "Relax!" The Duke said: "Uncle! Let me engrave for you: If you inherit, you will be respected." Kui bowed his head and said: "I praised it to avoid it, and I was diligent in the great destiny of the Ding." This is the inscription on the tripod of Kong Kui of Wei. The ancient gentlemen discussed the virtues of their ancestors and made them clear to future generations. They compared themselves to themselves and valued their country like this. The descendants who guard the ancestral temples and the altars of the land and state, if their ancestors have no merits and praise them, it is a falsehood; if they have good things but do not know them, it is not clear; if they know them but do not pass them on, it is not benevolent. These three are what gentlemen are ashamed of. In the past, Duke Zhou had made great contributions to the world. After Duke Zhou died, King Cheng and King Kang remembered the merits of Duke Zhou and wanted to honor Lu, so they gave him a heavy sacrifice. The outer sacrifice is the suburban altar; the inner sacrifice is the great sacrifice. The great sacrifice, the song "Qingmiao" is sung in the upper part, and the "Xiang" is played in the lower part; the red stems and jade qi are used to dance "Dawu"; the eight-yi dance is used to dance "Daxia"; this is the music of the emperor. Duke Kang of Zhou, therefore, gave it to Lu. The descendants inherited it and it has not been abolished until now, so as to show the virtue of Duke Zhou and honor his country.

North of the Arctic

Fortunately it's you

House; the coffin of the senior official is covered with a veil, which is placed in the west row, and the veil does not reach the coffin; the coffin of the scholar is exposed, and the upper curtain is covered. Boil, the king has four kinds of eight baskets, the senior official has three kinds of six baskets, and the scholar has two kinds of four baskets, and fish and margarine are added. Decorate the coffin, the king has three pools of dragon curtains, and the appearance is vibrating. Fuhuang, three rows of fire, three rows of Fu. Plain brocade and red, add false Huang. Six purple buttons. Qi, five colors and five shells. Two purple 翣, two purple 翣, two painted 翣, all wearing jade. Fish leaping in the pool. The king has six purple 翣, six purple 贰. The senior official has two painted curtains, and the appearance is not vibrating. Huahuang, three rows of fire, three rows of Fu. Plain brocade and red. Two purple buttons, two black buttons. Qi, three colors and three shells. Two purple 翣, two painted 翣, all wearing jade. Fish leaping in the pool. The official wears a purple front and a black back, and the same applies to the cloak. The scholar wears a rough cloth curtain, one pond, twisted. Two purple buttons, two black buttons. Qi, three colors and one shell. Two painted bamboo quilts, all wear a sash. The scholar wears a purple front and a black back, and two cloaks use purple. The king is buried with a chariot, four sashes and two stele, and the imperial coffin uses a feathered banner. The official is buried with a chariot, two sashes and two stele, and the imperial coffin uses a thatched roof. The scholar is buried with a state carriage. Two sashes and no stele, when leaving the palace, the imperial coffin uses a gong cloth. When sealing, use a sash without a stele to carry the coffin. The king seals with a balance, and the official and scholar use a salt. The king orders not to shout, and seals with a drum; the official orders not to cry; the scholar cries and stops. The king's pine coffin, the official's cypress coffin, the official's mixed wood coffin. Between the coffin and the coffin, the king can hold a 柷, the official can hold a pot, and the scholar can hold a 甒. The king's coffin is in the inner coffin and the Yu basket, the senior official is not in the inner coffin, and the scholar is not in the Yu basket.

Spark

The mourner sits to the west of the gate, facing east; the intermediary is to the southeast, facing north and west, west of the gate. The host faces west. The minister receives the order and says, "I have sent someone to ask for something." The guest says, "My king has sent someone, how can it be wrong!" The minister goes in and reports, and comes out saying, "I have to go. "The mourners come in, and the host goes up to the hall, facing west. The mourners go up from the west steps, facing east, and say to the king: "My king heard of your death. My king appointed someone. How could it be wrong!" Zi bowed and kowtowed, and the mourners went down and returned to their seats. The bearer held the jade and was about to give orders, saying: "My king appointed someone to hold it." The assistant came in to report, and came out and said: "I am going to die." The bearer came in, went up to the hall, and gave orders. He bowed again and kowtowed. The bearer sat on the southeast side of the coffin, with a reed mat; after the burial, there was a cattail mat. He went down, went out, and returned to his seat. The prime minister put on court clothes, that is, mourning shoes, and went up from the west steps, facing west, and sat to take the jade, and went down from the east of the west steps. The cloaker said: "My king appointed someone to hold it." The assistant came in to report, and came out and said: "I am going to die." The cloaker held the crown and robes; the left held the collar, and the right held the key. He went in, went up to the hall, and said to the king: "My king appointed someone to hold it." "The son bows and kowtows. He leaves his clothes on the east side of the coffin. The attendant of the coffin steps down and receives the robes and caps of nobility at the gate. When he is about to give orders, the son bows and kowtows as before. He receives the leather caps and caps in the middle courtyard. He receives the court robes at the west steps and the black robes at the hall. When he is about to give orders, the son bows and kowtows as before. The attendant of the coffin steps down, goes out and returns to his seat. Five ministers carry him to the east. He descends from the west steps. They also carry him facing west. He presents the gift: holding the jade tablet and giving orders, he says, "My king has ordered me to present the gift." The prime minister goes in to report and returns with the order, saying, "I am gone." "The carriage of a yellow horse was arranged along the main road in the middle courtyard, with the chariot pointing north. Holding the jade tablet, the emperor was about to give orders. The guests and messengers came down from the west along the road. The son bowed and kowtowed, and sat down at the southeast corner of the coffin. The chief minister stood to the east. Whenever an order was to be given, the son bowed and kowtowed. He sat facing west and gave it to the emperor. The chief minister held up the jade tablet and the jade tablet, and the chief minister held up the robe, and they went up from the west steps, facing west, sat down to take them, and went down from the west steps. The bearer of the coffin went out and sat back outside the door. The guest of honor came in and said, "My king has matters to attend to at the ancestral temple, so he cannot serve. He has sent an old man to hold the sash." The bearer returned and said, "I will be gone." The person who came in entered the door on the right, and the bearers followed him and stood to the east of him on the left. The clan members received the guests, went up, and received the order from the king; when they came down, they said, "I dare not accept the humiliation of my son, and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king has ordered me not to look at the guests, so I refuse. "The clan member replied, "I dare to firmly refuse the humiliation of my son and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king ordered me not to look at the guests, so I dare to firmly refuse." The clan member replied, "I dare to firmly refuse the humiliation of my son and ask for your restoration." The guest replied, "My king ordered me not to look at the guests, so I dare to firmly refuse. I refused but was not ordered, so I dare not disrespectfully obey. "The guest stood on the west side of the gate, and the assistant stood on his left, going up to the east. The sovereign descended from the steps of the east, bowed, and cried, and danced three times with the guest. The guest left and sent him outside the gate, bowing and bowing his head.