Tuo Shuqin 738涓囧瓧 245981浜鸿杩 杩炶浇
銆娧侵薰琅肪镁勉
The Duke said, 鈥淢ay I ask what is meant by respecting oneself?鈥 Confucius replied, 鈥淲hen a gentleman speaks too much, the people will make excuses; when he acts too much, the people will make examples. If a gentleman does not speak too much and does not act too much, the people will respect him without being ordered. In this way, he can respect himself; if he can respect himself, he can complete his parents. 鈥漈he Duke said, 鈥淢ay I ask what is meant by completing his parents?鈥 Confucius replied, 鈥淎 gentleman is a name for people. The people call him a son of a gentleman. This is to make their parents become gentlemen, and this is to complete their parents鈥 name!鈥 Confucius then said, 鈥淚n ancient times, the most important thing in governing was to love people. If you cannot love people, you cannot have your body; if you cannot have your body, you cannot be at peace with your land; if you cannot be at peace with your land, you cannot be happy with heaven; if you cannot be happy with heaven, you cannot complete your body.鈥
, the Xiahou clan valued rank and seniority, the Yin people valued wealth and seniority, and the Zhou people valued relatives and seniority. The Yu, Xia, Yin and Zhou dynasties were the most prosperous kings in the world, and there was no one who neglected his age. Age is the most important thing in the world; it is second only to serving one鈥檚 parents. Therefore, when the court has the same rank, seniority is valued. When a man is seventy, he cane him in the court, and when the king asks him, he sits down. When a man is eighty, he does not wait for the court, but when the king asks him, he goes to the court. When walking, he does not walk side by side, but follows him if he is not wrong. When seeing an old man, the cart drivers will make way for him; the gray-haired man does not walk on the road by his position, but the younger brother can reach the road. In the countryside, seniority is used, and the old and the poor are not left behind, the strong do not bully the weak, and the majority do not oppress the minority, and the younger brother can reach the alleys of the state. In the ancient way, people at the age of fifty were not forced to work in the fields, and they were given gifts to honor the elders, and the younger brother could be used to hunt. In the army, seniority is valued for the same rank, and the younger brother can reach the army. Filial piety and brotherhood are spread throughout the court, on the roads, in the alleys of the prefectures, in the hunting grounds, and in the army. The people die for the sake of righteousness, and dare not violate it.
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