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Chen Taiqiu went to Xun Lang's mausoleum. He was poor and frugal and had no servants. He ordered Yuan Fang to drive the chariot, and Ji Fang to follow behind holding a staff. The long article is still small and can be put in the cart with chopsticks. When they arrived, Xun asked Shu Ci to answer the door. Ci Ming served wine, and the remaining six dragons came down to eat. Wen Ruo was also young, sitting with chopsticks on his knees. At that time, the historian reported: "The Immortal is traveling eastward."
When Confucius was at home, Zixia served him. Zixia said, "May I ask what the Book of Songs says: 'The noble and the gentleman are the parents of the people'. How can this be called the parents of the people? ”Confucius said: "The parents of the people must understand the origin of ritual and music, so as to achieve the five ultimates, and practice the three nothings, so as to be able to rule the world. If there is a defeat in the four directions, they must know it first. This is called the parents of the people. ”
As for a man, he sits like a corpse and stands like a monk. Etiquette should be in accordance with what is appropriate, and officials should follow customs. Rituals are used to determine closeness and distance, resolve suspicions, distinguish similarities and differences, and make clear right and wrong. Etiquette means not speaking ill of others and not refusing expenses. Etiquette means not exceeding the limit, not being invasive, and not being too intimate. Cultivating oneself and putting one's words into practice is called good deeds. Practicing, cultivating, and speaking the truth are the essence of etiquette. We hear about learning from others, not about learning from others. Etiquette is learned from those who come to learn, not from those who go to teach.
The Master said, “When the lower orders the higher, they do not follow what the higher orders, but what the higher does. If the higher likes something, the lower will certainly be more aggressive. Therefore, one must be careful about what the higher likes and dislikes, because it is the model of the people. ”The Master said, “Yu was in office for three years, and the people followed him with benevolence. Does that mean he must be completely benevolent? The Book of Songs says, ‘The great Master Yin, the people all look up to you.’ The Book of Fu Xing says, ‘One man has a blessing, and millions of people rely on him.’ The Daya says, ‘The king’s trust is the model of the lower land.’”The Master said, “When the higher likes benevolence, the lower will compete to be the first to be benevolent. Therefore, the ruler of the people should show his will, teach the truth, and respect benevolence, so that he can love the people; the people will act in accordance with their own behavior to please his superior. The Book of Songs says, ‘There are shackles and virtues, and the four countries will obey him.’”
Zhi Daoling asked someone to buy Yinshan Mountain from Lord Shen, who replied, "I have never heard of a nest. You went into seclusion by buying a mountain."
Therefore, the teaching of ritual is subtle, and it can stop evil before it takes shape, making people move towards good and stay away from crimes without knowing it. That is why the ancient kings respected it. The Book of Changes says: "A gentleman should be cautious at the beginning, and the error of a millimeter will lead to a thousand miles." This is what it means.
Huan Xuan asked Liu Taichang, "How am I compared to Xie Taifu?" Liu replied, "You are noble, while Taifu is profound." He asked again, "How am I compared to my virtuous uncle Zijing?" Liu replied, "Hawthorn, pear, orange, and grapefruit each have their own merits."
At the funeral of Sikou Huizi, Ziyou prepared hemp mourning clothes and hemp sash for him. Wen Zi declined, saying, "You are insulted to be with Mi Mou's brother You, and you are insulted to wear clothes for him. How dare you decline?" Ziyou said, "It is the rite." Wen Zi retreated and cried again. Ziyou hurried to the seats of the ministers. Wen Zi declined again, saying, "You are insulted to be with Mi Mou's brother You, and you are insulted to wear clothes for him, and you are insulted to attend his funeral. How dare you decline?" Ziyou said, "I insist on asking." Wen Zi retreated, helped Shi Zi to stand facing south, and said, "You are insulted to be with Mi Mou's brother You, and you are insulted to wear clothes for him, and you are insulted to attend his funeral. How dare you not return to your position?" Ziyou hurried to the guest seat. At the funeral of General Wenzi, after the mourning period was over, the people of Yue came to offer their condolences. The host wore a deep robe and a white cap, waited in the temple, weeping. Ziyou looked at him and said, "General Wen's son is almost a commoner! He is a man of honor who died according to the etiquette, and his actions are in the right place."
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