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Aigong said, "May I ask about Confucian conduct." Confucius replied, "I can't finish counting them all. If I count them all, I will stay. I can't finish them even if I change my servant."
"Confucian scholars are approachable but not robbed; they can be approached but not forced; they can be killed but not humiliated. Their residence is not lewd, and their food is not humid; their mistakes can be slightly identified but not counted. There are such people who are resolute. Confucians have loyalty and trustworthiness as armor, propriety and righteousness as oars; they act with benevolence and live with righteousness. Even if there is a tyranny, they will not change their position. They are like this in their self-reliance.
The Master said: "The one who has no worries is only King Wen! He took King Ji as his father and King Wu as his son. The father created it, and the son continued it. King Wu inherited the thread of King Da, King Ji, and King Wen, and wore a military uniform and ruled the world. He did not lose his body. The world's most famous name, respected as the Son of Heaven, rich in the four seas. The ancestral temples offer sacrifices to him, and his descendants protect him. When King Wu was the last to receive the mandate, Duke Zhou continued the virtues of Wen and Wu, and honored the great kings and the young kings with the rites of the Son of Heaven. This rite extends to the princes, officials, and common people. If the father is an official and the son is an official, he shall be buried with an official and offered sacrifices to an official. If the father is an official and the son is an official, he shall be buried with an official and offered sacrifices to an official. The mourning period extends to officials. The mourning period of three years extends to the Son of Heaven. The mourning of parents is the same for both the noble and the humble.
The Duke said, “May I ask what is meant by respecting oneself?” Confucius replied, “When a gentleman speaks too much, the people will make excuses; when he acts too much, the people will make examples. If a gentleman does not speak too much and does not act too much, the people will respect him without being ordered. In this way, he can respect himself; if he can respect himself, he can complete his parents. ”The Duke said, “May I ask what is meant by completing his parents?” Confucius replied, “A gentleman is a name for people. The people call him a son of a gentleman. This is to make their parents become gentlemen, and this is to complete their parents’ name!” Confucius then said, “In ancient times, the most important thing in governing was to love people. If you cannot love people, you cannot have your body; if you cannot have your body, you cannot be at peace with your land; if you cannot be at peace with your land, you cannot be happy with heaven; if you cannot be happy with heaven, you cannot complete your body.”
The prime minister once went to Shitou in the summer to visit Yu Gong. When Yu Gong was making his prediction, the Prime Minister said, "It is better to simplify it in summer." Yu Gong said, "The world does not agree with your prediction."
Wang Han was the governor of Lujiang County, and he was corrupt and shameless. Wang Dun protected his brother, so he said in front of everyone: "My brother was a good ruler in the county, and people in Lujiang all praised him!" At that time, He Chong was Dun's chief clerk, and he was also present. He said in a serious tone: "Chong is from Lujiang, and what he heard is different from this!" Dun remained silent. Others were tormented by his actions, but he was calm and composed.
The head of the five officials is called Bo: this is the official position. Those who are excluded from the emperor are called the emperor's officials. Those with the same surname as the emperor are called uncles; those with different surnames are called uncles. They call themselves the emperor's elders in front of the princes, and they are called dukes in other places; they are called lords in their own countries.
When the dukes sent people to the dukes, the messengers called themselves "guaijunzhilao". The emperor is solemn, the princes are majestic, the great officials are numerous, the scholars are staggering, and the common people are humble.
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