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When a sage sits south and listens to the world, he must first do five things, but the people do not follow them. One is to govern relatives, two is to reward merits, three is to promote the virtuous, four is to use the capable, and five is to preserve love. If one of the five is obtained in the world, the people will have no shortage and no one will be unsatisfied. If one of the five is wrong, the people will not die. When a sage sits south and governs the world, he must start with the human way.
When Wang Gong returned from Kuaiji, Wang Da looked at him. Seeing him sitting on a six-foot-long mat, he said to Gong, "You came from the east, so you should have this thing. You can give me one." Gong said nothing. After the emperor leaves, those who are sitting there will be carried away to see him off. Since there were no other seats, he sat on the table. The Queen was very surprised when she heard this and said, "I thought you had too much, so I asked for it." He replied, "My father-in-law is not respectful enough. A respectful person has nothing to gain."
Someone asked: "What is a cane?" The answer is: bamboo and tung are the same. So for the father, a cane is made of bamboo; for the mother, a cane is made of tung.
The Master said: "Shun is a great filial son! Virtue is a saint, and respect is heaven. Son, you are rich in the four seas. The ancestral temples offer you a feast, and your descendants protect you. Therefore, a person of great virtue will surely get his position, his salary, his reputation, and his longevity. Therefore, the creatures of heaven must be based on their talents. Therefore, those who plant will cultivate them, and those who tilt will overturn them. The Book of Songs says: "A gentleman of good fortune is a man of virtue. He is kind to the people and kind to others. He receives the salary from heaven, and is blessed by the destiny, which is granted by heaven. ' Therefore, a person of great virtue will surely receive the destiny. "
Ziyun: "When a villain is poor, he is prudent; when rich, he is arrogant; when prudent, he steals; when arrogant, he is disorderly." Rites are rules and regulations based on human nature, which are used to censor the people. Therefore, the sages set rules for wealth and nobility so that the rich will not be arrogant, the poor will not be prudent, and the noble will not be dissatisfied with the superiors, so disorder will be eliminated. Ziyun: "If the poor love music, the rich love rites, and the people are peaceful, the world will be almost there. The Book of Songs says: 'People are greedy and disorderly, and would rather be poisoned. '" Therefore, it is stipulated that the country should not exceed a thousand chariots, the capital should not exceed a hundred chariots, and the family should not be rich. With this rule, the princes still rebel.
Ritual is to the right state: it is like a scale to weight, a ruler to straightness, and a compass to squareness. Therefore, if the scale is honestly hung, it cannot be deceived by the weight; if the ruler is honestly laid out, it cannot be deceived by the crookedness; if the rules are honestly set up, it cannot be deceived by the squareness and roundness; a gentleman examines the rites and cannot be accused of treachery. Therefore, those who respect the rites and follow the rites are called the gentlemen with the rules; those who do not respect the rites and do not follow the rites are called the people without the rules. It is the way of respect and yielding. Therefore, when serving the ancestral temple, one is respectful; when entering the court, the noble and the humble have their positions; when living at home, the father and son are close and the brothers are harmonious; when living in the village, the elders and the young are in order. Confucius said: "To settle the state and govern the people, nothing is better than rites." This is what he meant.
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