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When Duke Zhuang of Lu was buried, the coffin was not brought into the storehouse. After the scholars and officials finished crying, the hemp was not brought in.
The Master said: "Only the gentleman can love his righteousness, while the villain poisons his righteousness. Therefore, the friends of the gentleman have their own hometowns, and their dislikes have their own directions; therefore, those who are near are not confused, and those who are far away do not doubt. The Book of Songs says: "The gentleman likes enemies. '" The Master said: "If you lightly reject poverty and humbleness, and value wealth and honor, then your love for the virtuous will not be firm, and your dislike for the evil will not be clear. Even if people say it is not beneficial, I will not believe it. The Book of Songs says: "Friends have a place to control, and control with dignity. '" The Master said: "Private favors do not belong to virtue, and the gentleman does not keep them for himself. The Book of Songs says: "People love me, showing me how to walk around. ’”
Wang's right army was very stiff when he was young. After the general's permission, Wang and Yu, the two kings later, the right army wanted to go and said, "Your family, Sikong, Yuangui, can you recover?"
The mother of the king is not the lady, so the ministers do not wear clothes. Only the close ministers and the servants and carriages wear clothes, and only the king wears clothes. The duke is a minister and a minister. He wears mourning clothes when he is at home, and he does the same when he goes out. He wears the cap and sash when he is in charge of things. The senior officials are the same. For his wife, he should wear mourning clothes when he goes out, but not when he goes out.
Zeng Zi asked: "Can the funeral of a major merit be included in the offering of sacrifices?" Confucius said: "It is not a major merit! "Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "That is not what I mean. In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, their friends offer sacrifices; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can small merits be included in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "Why must it be small merits? Those who are in mourning clothes and below offer sacrifices; that is etiquette." Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are not in mourning clothes do not offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, if the sacrifice is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can acquaintances, if they are in mourning clothes, participate in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "If you don't offer sacrifices, how can you help others?" Zengzi asked, "Can you take away your mourning clothes and participate in the sacrifices?" ”Confucius said: "Saying mourning and offering sacrifices are not rites; it is OK to reject each other."
Therefore, the ruler of Lu, in the first month of spring, rides on a large road, carrying a bow and a shawl; the flag has twelve tassels, the pattern of the sun and the moon; he offers sacrifice to the emperor in the suburbs, and is paired with Houji. This is the ritual of the emperor. In the sixth month of the last month of summer, he offers sacrifice to Zhou Gong in the Grand Temple with a sacrifice ceremony, using a white roe as the sacrificial animal; using a sacrificial urn like a sacrificial xiangshan lei; using a yellow-eyed urn; using a jade jar and a large gui as the pouring pot; using a jade bean carved with a bamboo basket; using a jade jar, also carved, with a bi and a bi corner; using a zhu zi as the sacrificial offering; singing "Qingmiao" as the rising song, and playing "Xiang" as the lower song; wearing a red stem and jade qi, and dancing "Dawu" with a crown; wearing a leather hat and a white pile, and dancing "Daxia" with a sash. "Mei" is the music of the Eastern Yi; "Ren" is the music of the Southern Man. Accepting the music of the Yi and Man in the Grand Temple means expanding Lu's influence over the world.
The Son of Heaven is equal to Heaven and Earth. Therefore, virtue matches heaven and earth, and benefits all things. It is as bright as the sun and the moon, illuminating the four seas without leaving out the small. In the court, the order of benevolence, holiness, propriety and righteousness is followed; in banquets, the music of Ya and Song is listened to; when walking, there is the sound of rings and pendants; when riding in a car, there is the sound of phoenixes and harmonious birds. There is propriety in residence, and there is moderation in advance and retreat. All officials are in their proper place, and all things are in their proper order. The Book of Songs says: "A virtuous man and a gentleman, his etiquette is not wrong. If his etiquette is not wrong, it will be the right way for the four countries." This is what it means. When the people are pleased with orders and decrees, it is called harmony; when the upper and lower are close to each other, it is called benevolence; when the people get what they want without asking for it, it is called trust; and when the harm of heaven and earth is removed, it is called righteousness. Righteousness and trustworthiness, harmony and benevolence are the tools of a hegemon. If there is the intention to govern the people but there is no tool, it will not work.
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