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Zilu said, "I heard from the Master that in funeral rituals, it is better to have more mourning than not mourning. In sacrificial rituals, it is better to have more respect than not respect."
When Jin Jianwen was the governor of an army, the dust on the bed he sat on was so thick that he could not even hear the dust brushed away. He could see the footprints of a rat and thought it was a good thing. A military officer saw a rat walking in broad daylight and ordered it to be killed with a board in his hand. The governor was unhappy with this and his men rose up in protest. The teacher said: "I cannot forget the fact that I was harmed by rats. Now, is it wrong to use rats to harm people?"
The Master said: "The lower serves the upper, if the body is not upright and the words are not trustworthy, then the righteousness is not unified, and the actions are not of the same kind. "The Master said: "Words have things and actions have standards; therefore, when alive, the will cannot be taken away, and when dead, the name cannot be taken away. Therefore, a gentleman has much knowledge, and he keeps it; he has many ambitions, and he is close to them; he has profound knowledge, and he practices it briefly. "Jun Chen" says: "In and out, follow your teacher Yu, and all people have the same words. "The Book of Songs says: "The virtuous man and the gentleman, their manners are the same. '"
Youzi asked Zengzi: "Have you asked about funerals, Master?" He said: "I have heard that funerals want to get poor quickly, and death wants to decay quickly." Youzi said: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen heard it from the Master." Youzi said again: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen and Ziyou heard it." Youzi said: "Yes, then the Master said it for a reason." Zengzi told Ziyou this. Ziyou said, "How wonderful! Youzi's words are similar to yours. Once upon a time, when the Master was living in Song, he saw Sima Huan making a stone coffin for himself, which took three years to complete. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to decay quickly than to die.' The desire to decay quickly was what Sima Huan said. When Nangong Jingshu returned, he would bring treasures with him to the court. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to become poor quickly than to be buried.' The desire to become poor quickly was what Jingshu said." Zengzi told him what Ziyou said. When Youzi was talking to Youzi, Youzi said, "Yes, I have always said that this is not what the Master said." Zengzi said, "How do you know this?" Youzi said, "The Master made a four-inch coffin and a five-inch outer coffin in Zhongdu, so he knew that he did not want to decay quickly. In the past, when the Master lost the position of Sikou of Lu and was about to go to Jing, he first asked Zixia and then Ran You, so he knew that he did not want to become poor quickly."
Zeng Zi asked: "When the crowned son arrives, he bows and yields to others and enters. Hearing about the mourning of a great meritorious service, what should be done?" Confucius said: "In the internal mourning, it is abandoned; in the external mourning, the crown is not drunk, the food is cleaned and swept, and the throne is wept. If the crown has not arrived, then it will be abandoned. If the crown is about to be worn but the date has not come, and there is a mourning of Qisui, Dagong, or Xiaogong, then the crown should be worn according to the mourning clothes. "Does the crown not change after the mourning?" Confucius said: "The emperor gives the princes and ministers the crown and hat clothes to the Grand Temple. When they return to set up a sacrifice, they wear the clothes given. There is a crown ceremony, but no crown wine. When the father dies and the crown is worn, the crown is worn and the ground is swept before offering sacrifices to the gods; after offering sacrifices, the uncles and uncles are seen, and then the crown is offered. "
In the second month of winter, the sun is in the Big Dipper, setting in the middle of the east wall, and rising in the middle of the Zhen. The day is Rengui. Its emperor is Zhuanxu, and its god is Xuanming. Its insect is a shellfish. Its sound is feather, and its pitch is Huang Zhong. Its number is six. Its taste is salty, and its smell is rotten. Its ritual is to offer sacrifice to the kidney of the ancestors. The ice is getting stronger, and the ground begins to crack. The pheasant does not crow at dawn, and the tiger begins to mate. The emperor lives in the Xuantang Grand Temple, rides on the Xuan Road, drives the iron horse, carries the black flag, wears black clothes, and wears black jade. He eats millet and pigs, and his utensils are large and made of Yan. He orders the death. He orders the officials to say: Do not do earthwork, be careful not to open the roof, do not open the house, and do not open the public, so as to make it solid and closed. The earth's qi is about to leak, which is called opening the room of heaven and earth, and all hibernating animals will die. The people will surely suffer from diseases and epidemics, and then they will be buried. It is called Changyue.
Sun Anguo went to Yinzhongjun Xu to discuss, and came back with great effort, so that both the host and the guest had no time to spare. Eat left and right, and the temperature will rise again four times. We threw our whisks away and they all fell off, filling the rice. When the host and the guests arrive, don't forget to eat. Yin said to Sun: "Don't be a stubborn horse, I will pierce your nose." Sun said: "You have never seen a bull with a broken nose, I will pierce your cheek."
In the ceremony of pitching a pot, the host holds the arrow, the shooter holds the target, and someone holds the pot. The host asked, "I have a pot of whistle with crooked arrows. Please use it to entertain the guests." The guest said, "You have delicious wine and delicious food. Since I have given you, and you have also given me more entertainment, I dare not refuse." The host said, "I can't refuse the pot of whistle with crooked arrows. I dare to ask for it." The guest said, "I have given you, and you have also given me more entertainment. I dare not refuse." The host said, "I can't refuse the pot of whistle with crooked arrows. I dare not refuse." The guest said, "I refuse to accept your order. How dare I not obey?" The guest bowed again to accept it. The host returned it and said, "Please." The host bowed on the steps of the east, and the guest returned it and said, "Please." After bowing, he received the arrows, went to the middle of the two pillars, retreated to his seat, and greeted the guests to the banquet.
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