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The Duke of Zhou said to the father of Wang Changshi: He has a majestic appearance, elegant mind and great ambition. If we protect and use him, he can be used to make many things.
The Lord of Wei was the brother-in-law of Xiao Zuzhou. Xie Gong asked Sun Sengnu, "What do your family say about the Lord of Wei?" Sun replied, "They say he is a hereditary successor." Xie said, "That's not true. The Lord of Wei is a man of reason and justice." At that time, he was compared to Yin Hongyuan.
Luo Junzhang was an official of Huan Xuanwu, and Xie Zhenxi was appointed as Jiangxia, so he went to inspect the work. When Luo arrived, he did not ask about the affairs of the county at first. He went straight to thank him for a few days, drank some wine and then went back. Duke Huan asked what was the matter. Jun Zhang said, "I wonder what kind of person you think Xie Shang is?" Duke Huan said, "Renzu is better than me, Xu people." Jun Zhang said, "How can a person who is better than you do wrong? Therefore, I don't ask you any questions." Duke Huan was surprised by his intention but did not blame him.
Xun Ciming met Yuan Lang of Runan and asked about the people of Yingchuan. Ciming mentioned his brothers first. Lang laughed and said, "Can a scholar be selected only because of his kinship?" Ciming said, "You are questioning me, what scripture are you basing your opinion on?" Lang said, "I was just asking about the country's scholars, but you mentioned my brothers, so I blame them." Ciming said, "In the past, Qi Xi recommended people from within the country without missing their sons, and recommended people from outside the country without missing their enemies, which was considered to be very fair. The poem of King Wen of Gongdan did not discuss the virtues of Yao and Shun, but praised Wen and Wu, which is the meaning of loving one's relatives. The meaning of the Spring and Autumn Annals is to include one's country within and exclude other countries. Moreover, if one does not love one's relatives but loves others, is it not against virtue?"
It is said that to govern a country, you must first manage your family. There is no one who cannot teach his family but can teach others. Therefore, a gentleman does not leave home but teaches the country. Filial piety is the way to serve the king; respect for elders is the way to serve the elders; kindness is the way to lead the people. "Kang Gao" said: "It is like protecting a baby. "If you seek it with a sincere heart, even if you don't get it, you won't be far away. There has never been anyone who learned to raise a child before getting married. If one family is benevolent, the whole country will be benevolent; if one family is courteous, the whole country will be courteous; if one person is greedy and violent, the whole country will be in chaos. The mechanism is like this. This is what is meant by one word ruining things, and one person establishing a country. Yao and Shun led the world with benevolence, and the people followed them. Jie and Zhou led the world with violence, and the people followed them. What they ordered was contrary to what the people liked, and the people did not follow them. Therefore, a gentleman should have it in himself before seeking it in others, and not have it in himself before criticizing others. There has never been anyone who can persuade others with what he does not forgive. Therefore, governing a country starts with managing his family. The Book of Songs says, "The peach tree is young and tender, and its leaves are dense. The daughter is married, and she is a good wife." Only when she is a good wife can she teach the people of the country. The Book of Songs says, "Be a good brother and a good younger brother." Only when she is a good brother and a good younger brother can she teach the people of the country. The Book of Songs says, "Its etiquette is not wrong, and it is right for the four countries. ” He who is a father, son, and brother is a model, and then the people can follow it. This is what is meant by governing a country in order to regulate the family.
Wei Zhongjiang was good at calligraphy. Emperor Ming of Wei built a palace and wanted to hang a notice, so he asked General Zhong to climb the ladder and write it. After he died, his hair and temples were all white, so he told his children and grandchildren, "Don't learn to read anymore."
Kang Sengyuan had deep eyes and a high nose, and Prime Minister Wang always adjusted him. Monk Yuan said: "The nose is the mountain of the face, and the eyes are the abyss of the face. If the mountain is not high, it will not be spiritual; if the abyss is not deep, it will not be clear."
Zi said: "A gentleman refuses the noble but not the humble, refuses the rich but not the poor, then chaos will be eliminated." Therefore, a gentleman would rather let people float above food than let food float above others. Confucius said: "If you give way to wine, beans and meat and accept the bad, the people will offend the teeth; if you give way to the seat on the lapel and sit down, the people will offend the noble; if you give way to the position in the court and accept the humble, the people will offend the monarch. "The Book of Songs says: "The people are unscrupulous, resenting one another; accepting titles without yielding them, they have finally died." Confucius said: "A gentleman values others and despises himself, and puts others before himself, so the people will yield to him." Therefore, call someone else's ruler "Jun", and call yourself "Guojun". Confucius said: "In the interests of salary, those who die first and those who live later, then the people will not be disloyal; those who die first and those who survive later, then the people can be trusted." The Book of Songs says: "The thoughts of the former rulers were kept by the gullible." With this, the people still disloyalty died and cried without complaint.
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