Le Zheng Yu Kuan 199涓囧瓧 97052浜鸿杩 杩炶浇
銆娮钚轮形奈蘼胱肿帜辉谙咩
Sacrifice is a great thing, and it is a preparation for everything. Is it the root of education to follow the preparation? Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman is to teach people to respect their rulers and elders externally and to be filial to their parents internally. Therefore, when a wise ruler is above, all ministers obey; when the ancestral temples and the altar of the country are respected, the descendants are obedient and filial. Do your best and be upright in your righteousness, and the teaching will come into being. Therefore, when a gentleman serves his ruler, he must practice it himself. What he does not like in his superiors, he will not use his subordinates; what he hates in his subordinates, he will not serve his superiors; if he does not do it to others, he will do it to himself, which is not the way of teaching. Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman must start from its root and follow the ultimate, and sacrifice is it? Therefore, it is said: sacrifice is the root of education. There are ten relationships in sacrifice: the way to serve ghosts and gods, the righteousness between the ruler and the minister, the relationship between father and son, the distinction between the noble and the humble, the killing of relatives and strangers, the bestowal of titles and rewards, the difference between husband and wife, the balance of political affairs, the order of the old and the young, and the relationship between superiors and subordinates. These are the ten relationships.
The general principles of all rituals are to follow the heaven and earth, follow the four seasons, follow the yin and yang, and follow human nature, so they are called rituals. Those who criticize them do not know where rituals come from. Rituals, good and bad, are different, and cannot be interrelated, which is derived from yin and yang. There are four rules for mourning, which change according to the situation, which is derived from the four seasons. There are grace, reason, moderation, and power, which are derived from human nature. Grace is benevolence, reason is righteousness, moderation is ritual, and power is knowledge. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom are all human nature.
Chen Yi from Wu County was a very filial man. His mother liked to eat burnt rice at the bottom of the pot. He was left as a clerk in the county. He always carried a bag with him. Whenever he cooked, he would store the burnt rice in it and bring it back to give to his mother. Later, when the bandit Sun En escaped from Wu County, Yuan Fujun went to fight immediately. He left behind several buckets of burnt rice that he had collected, but before he could return home, he took it with him to join the army. Fought at Hudu and was defeated. The soldiers were defeated and fled to the mountains and swamps, where many died of starvation. Only the remaining soldiers survived by eating burnt rice. People at that time believed that it was the reward for filial piety.
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