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The Master said: “The government is not going well, the education is not successful, the rank and salary are not enough to encourage, and the punishment is not enough to shame. Therefore, the superior should not be profane and treat the rank lightly. The Kanggao says: ‘Respect and wisdom are punishment. '"Fu Xing" says: "The spread of punishment is not good. '"
When Emperor Wu of Jin first ascended the throne, he explored the strategy and got the number "Yi". The number of kings in the world depends on this. Since the emperor was not pleased, all the ministers were dismayed and no one could say anything. Shizhong Pei Kai came forward and said, "I have heard that when the sky is united, it is clear, the earth is peaceful, and when the princes are united, the world is steadfast." The emperor was pleased and all the ministers were impressed.
In this month, the sun reaches its limit, the moon reaches its limit, and the stars return to the sky. The number is about to end, and the year is about to begin again. He is focused on the farmers and does not use them. The emperor, together with the dukes, ministers, and officials, reviewed the state code and discussed the seasons in preparation for the coming year. He ordered the historian to rank the dukes and give them sacrifices to share the feasts of the emperor of heaven, the god of the land, and the land of the grain. He ordered the states with the same surname to share the fodder for the temples. He ordered the prime ministers, ministers, and common people to count the number of lands and fields, and give them sacrifices to share the worship of the mountains, forests, and famous rivers. All the people in the nine states and islands of the world all contributed their efforts to share the worship of the emperor of heaven, the god of the land, the grain, the temples, the mountains, forests, and famous rivers.
Therefore, the emperor regulates the princes, making small betrothals every year and big betrothals every three years, and they are strict with each other. If the envoys make a mistake in the betrothal, the lord will not personally entertain them. This is to shame and encourage them. The princes are strict with each other, so they will not invade each other externally and bully each other internally. This is why the emperor nurtures the princes, so that the army is not used and the princes can be just.
The Master said: “If it is easy for the superiors to do things and easy for the inferiors to understand, then the punishments will not be complicated.” The Master said: “If the virtuous are favored as in the “Black Clothes” and the evil are disliked as in the “Hang Bo”, then the titles will not be disrespected and the people will be willing, and the punishments will not be tested and the people will obey. The Great Odes say: ‘The punishments of King Wen are followed, and the nations will be faithful.’” The Master said: “If the people are taught virtue and regulated by rites, then the people will have a sense of discipline; if they are taught politics and regulated by punishments, then the people will have a sense of evasion. Therefore, if the ruler loves the people, then the people will be close to him; if he is trustworthy, then the people will not betray him; if he is respectful, then the people will have a respectful heart. The Fu Xing says: ‘The people are punished by fate and regulated by punishments. Only the five cruel punishments are called laws. Therefore, the people have bad virtues and are finally exterminated from the world. ’”
The Master said: "I know that the Way is not working: the wise go beyond it, the foolish fall short of it. I know that the Way is not clear: the wise go beyond it, the unworthy fall short of it. Everyone eats and drinks, but few can appreciate the taste."
The prince looked at the general and said, "The rocks are clear and steep, and the cliffs are thousands of feet high."
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