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Yang Dezuo was Wei Wu's chief clerk. At that time, he was building the Xiangguo Gate and had just begun to construct the rafters. Wei Wu came out to take a look and had someone write the word "活" on the door before leaving. When Yang saw it, he ordered it to be destroyed. After finishing, he said: "The word 'live' in the word 'door' means 'wide'. Wang Zheng thinks the door is too big."
Sun Xiu liked to shoot pheasants. When it came to the time to shoot, he would leave in the morning and return in the evening. All the ministers advised: "This is a small thing, why bother with it so much?" Xiu said: "Although it is a small thing, it is more upright than others, that is why I like it."
When a son serves his parents: if he advises them three times but they still don’t listen, he should cry and follow them. When the king is ill and takes medicine, the minister should taste it first. When a parent is ill and takes medicine, the son should taste it first.
Ritual is to the right state: it is like a scale to weight, a ruler to straightness, and a compass to squareness. Therefore, if the scale is honestly hung, it cannot be deceived by the weight; if the ruler is honestly laid out, it cannot be deceived by the crookedness; if the rules are honestly set up, it cannot be deceived by the squareness and roundness; a gentleman examines the rites and cannot be accused of treachery. Therefore, those who respect the rites and follow the rites are called the gentlemen with the rules; those who do not respect the rites and do not follow the rites are called the people without the rules. It is the way of respect and yielding. Therefore, when serving the ancestral temple, one is respectful; when entering the court, the noble and the humble have their positions; when living at home, the father and son are close and the brothers are harmonious; when living in the village, the elders and the young are in order. Confucius said: "To settle the state and govern the people, nothing is better than rites." This is what he meant.
Zeng Zi asked: "After the wedding ceremony, the money is paid and there is an auspicious day, if the girl's parents die, what should be done?" Confucius said: "The husband sends condolences. If the husband's parents die, the girl's family also sends condolences. Father's death is called father, mother's death is called mother. If parents are not alive, uncle's mother is called. After the husband is buried, the husband's uncle tells the girl: 'So-and-so's son has lost his parents, and cannot be a brother, so-and-so tells the girl.' The girl agrees, but dares not marry. This is rite. The husband is exempted from mourning. The girl's parents send people to invite him, but the husband refuses to accept him, and then he marries her. This is rite. If the girl's parents die, the husband also does the same. "
In this month, the day is short. Yin and Yang are in conflict, and all living things are disturbed. Gentlemen should be vigilant and cover their bodies when they go. If you want to be at peace, you should avoid noise and sex, and restrain your desires. You should be at peace with your body and quiet in your affairs, waiting for the yin and yang to settle. The weeds begin to grow, the lychees emerge, the earthworms knot, the elk horns fall off, and the springs stir. When the day is short, you should cut down trees and take bamboo arrows.
The towers and pavilions of Lingyuntai are exquisitely designed. The weight of all the wood was first weighed, and then the structure was built, so that not even the smallest bit of wood was wasted. Although the platform is high and steep, it often sways with the wind, but there is no reason for it to fall down. WeiWhen Emperor Ming ascended the throne, he was afraid that the situation would be dangerous, so he used other powerful materials to support it, and the building soon fell into ruin. Some commentators say that this is because the forces are biased due to lightness and heaviness.
Therefore, the rite of audience is to clarify the righteousness between the monarch and the ministers. The rite of marriage is to make the princes respect each other. The rite of funeral and sacrifice is to clarify the grace of the ministers. The rite of drinking in the village is to clarify the order of the elders and the young. The rite of marriage is to clarify the difference between men and women. Rites are the source of restraint and chaos, just like the source of water in the village. Therefore, those who destroy the old temple because they think it is useless will surely be destroyed by water; those who destroy the old ritual because they think it is useless will surely be destroyed by water.
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