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"Confucians do not serve the emperor above, nor do they serve the princes below; they are cautious and calm, and they value tolerance. They are strong and resolute in dealing with others, and they are knowledgeable and know how to obey. They are close to literature and sharpen their integrity. Even if the country is divided as a penny, they will not serve. This is their rule.
Confucius said: "How does an archer shoot? How does he listen? He who follows the sound and shoots without missing the target is only a virtuous man! How can an unworthy man hit the target?" The Book of Songs says: "Shoot what he has, in order to pray for your wine." Pray means to ask; to ask for the target and refuse the wine is to refuse the wine. Wine is used to nourish the elderly and to cure illness; to ask for the target and refuse the wine is to refuse nourishment.
Wang and Liu always disrespected Lord Cai. The two men once went to Cai and talked for a long time. Then they asked Cai, "How do you think you compare to Yi Fu?" Cai replied, "I am not as good as Yi Fu." Wang and Liu looked at each other and laughed, saying, "How are you not as good as him?" Cai replied, "Yi Fu is not as good as you!"
In the first month of summer, the sun is in Bi, the sun sets in Yizhong, and the sun rises in Wunuzhong. The days are Bing and Ding. Its emperor is Yandi, and its god is Zhurong. Its insect is feather. Its note is Zheng, and its rhythm is Zhonglü. Its number is seven. Its taste is bitter, and its smell is burnt. Its offering is to the stove god, and its lung is sacrificed. Crickets chirp, earthworms come out, king melons grow, and bitter herbs bloom. The emperor lives in the left side of the Mingtang, rides on a red road, drives a red horse, carries a red flag, wears a red robe, and wears red jade. He eats beans and chickens, and his utensils are high and rough.
When Wang Zhonglang was young, Jiang Fei was in charge of selecting Pushe and wanted to appoint him as Shangshulang. There is a king of words. The king said, "Since I came across the river, the Shangshu Lang has been recruiting the second person, why should he choose me?" Jiang stopped when he heard this. He said: "The Xuan Cao selected you to be the Shangshu Lang. Fortunately, you can serve as an assistant to the kings, right? ’” This shows that the Langguan is of a poor and simple rank.
Ziyun: "When a villain is poor, he is prudent; when rich, he is arrogant; when prudent, he steals; when arrogant, he is disorderly." Rites are rules and regulations based on human nature, which are used to censor the people. Therefore, the sages set rules for wealth and nobility so that the rich will not be arrogant, the poor will not be prudent, and the noble will not be dissatisfied with the superiors, so disorder will be eliminated. Ziyun: "If the poor love music, the rich love rites, and the people are peaceful, the world will be almost there. The Book of Songs says: 'People are greedy and disorderly, and would rather be poisoned. '" Therefore, it is stipulated that the country should not exceed a thousand chariots, the capital should not exceed a hundred chariots, and the family should not be rich. With this rule, the princes still rebel.
The emperor's great wax is eight. Yijishi first made wax, and wax means to ask. In the twelfth month of the year, all things are gathered together and asked to be feasted. The wax sacrifice is: the master first saves, and the priest saves. Sacrifice a hundred kinds of things in return for saving. Sacrificing farmers and postal officials, birds and beasts is the highest level of benevolence and the ultimate of righteousness. The ancient gentleman must repay what he has done. Welcoming cats is because they eat field mice; welcoming tigers is because they eat field pigs. Welcoming and offering sacrifices is a matter of duty. It is said that "the soil returns to its home", water returns to its ravine, insects do not work, and plants and trees return to their marshes. Leather hats and white clothes are used for sacrifice. White clothes are used to send off the dead. Kudzu belts and hazel sticks are used for mourning and killing. The wax sacrifice is the highest level of benevolence and the ultimate of righteousness. Yellow clothes and yellow crowns are used for sacrifice, which means resting the farmers. The wild man wears a yellow crown; the yellow crown is a straw dress. The Great Luo family is the emperor's master of birds and beasts, and the princes pay tribute to them. They come with a straw hat to respect the wild clothes. The Luo family presented a deer and a woman, and ordered the guests to report. To warn the princes: "Those who love fields and women will lose their countries." The emperor planted melons and flowers, but did not store the seeds. The eight waxes are used to mark the four directions. If the four directions are not prosperous in the year, the eight waxes will not flow, so as to be cautious of the people's money. When the prosperity is favorable, the waxes will flow, so as to migrate. After the waxes, the harvest is harvested and the people have rested. Therefore, after the waxes, the gentleman does not start work.
Youzi asked Zengzi: "Have you asked about funerals, Master?" He said: "I have heard that funerals want to get poor quickly, and death wants to decay quickly." Youzi said: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen heard it from the Master." Youzi said again: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen and Ziyou heard it." Youzi said: "Yes, then the Master said it for a reason." Zengzi told Ziyou this. Ziyou said, "How wonderful! Youzi's words are similar to yours. Once upon a time, when the Master was living in Song, he saw Sima Huan making a stone coffin for himself, which took three years to complete. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to decay quickly than to die.' The desire to decay quickly was what Sima Huan said. When Nangong Jingshu returned, he would bring treasures with him to the court. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to become poor quickly than to be buried.' The desire to become poor quickly was what Jingshu said." Zengzi told him what Ziyou said. When Youzi was talking to Youzi, Youzi said, "Yes, I have always said that this is not what the Master said." Zengzi said, "How do you know this?" Youzi said, "The Master made a four-inch coffin and a five-inch outer coffin in Zhongdu, so he knew that he did not want to decay quickly. In the past, when the Master lost the position of Sikou of Lu and was about to go to Jing, he first asked Zixia and then Ran You, so he knew that he did not want to become poor quickly."
Jia Chong's wife, Li, wrote a set of instructions for girls, which were circulated in the world. The daughter of Li, the wife of King Xian of Qi, and the daughter of Guo, the empress of Emperor Hui. After Chong died, Li and Guo's daughters each wanted to be buried together with their mother, but they could not decide for years. After Empress Jia was deposed, Lady Li was enshrined in the royal family and the burial was decided.
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