Tuoba Bifan
When a king enters the door, he should brush the doorway, and a senior official should stand between the middle and the middle of the doorway, and a scholar should brush the doorway. Guests should not enter the middle of the door or step on the threshold. Public affairs should be conducted from the west of the doorway, and private affairs should be conducted from the east of the doorway. When a king and a corpse walk together, a senior official should follow the steps, and a scholar should walk in the middle. When walking slowly, they should all follow this. When walking quickly, one should not move his hands or feet, and a pig in a circle should not lift its feet, but should move in unison like a stream. The same is true for those at the table. When walking upright, one's chin should flow like an arrow, and when walking with a hat on, one should lift his shoes and hold a tortoise shell, lift his front and drag his heels, and walk slowly. When walking, one should be in a state of dignified and orderly manner, and the temple should be in a state of mingled and the court should be full of people. The gentleman's face is relaxed and slow, and he is respectful when he sees someone he respects. His feet are heavy, his hands are respectful, his eyes are upright, his mouth is still, his voice is quiet, his head is straight, his aura is solemn, his posture is virtuous, his expression is solemn, he sits like a corpse, and when he is at home, he is warm and gentle. When offering sacrifices, his face and color are as if he sees the person he is offering sacrifices to. His expression is full of sorrow, his expression is dazed, his eyes are agitated, his speech is cocooned, his expression is fierce, his speech is rude, his expression is stern, and his eyes are clear. His appearance is clear, he is humble but not flattering, his head and neck must be in the right place, he stands upright and walks in time, his aura is full and solid, and his complexion is elegant. When referring to oneself: the emperor says "I am the only one", the baron says "the emperor's powerful minister". The princes say to the emperor "the minister who guards such and such a land", and those in the border towns say "the minister who protects such and such a land". Those who are inferior to the enemy say "I am the one", the ruler of a small country says "I am the only one", and those who are exiled also say "I am the only one". The senior officials are called lower ministers, and those who are banished are called the widowed monarch's elders. The junior officials name themselves, and those who are banished are called the widowed officials. The crown prince names himself, and those who are banished are called the widowed monarch's suitable ones. The princes are called the ministers of the ministers. The scholars are called the ministers of ... The country of the eight barbarians is outside the south gate, facing north and going east. The country of the six Rong is outside the west gate, facing east and going south. The country of the five Di is outside the north gate, facing south and going east. The country of the nine Cai is outside the Ying Gate, facing north and going east. The four barriers are there, and the world is here. This is the location of the Mingtang of Duke Zhou. The Mingtang is to clarify the nobility and inferiority of the princes.
