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Wang Wendu was in Xizhou, and told Master Lin that Han and Sun were sitting together.
When Duke Huan of the Han Dynasty was on his northern expedition and passed through Jincheng, he saw the willows he had planted when he was in Langya, all of which were ten feet in circumference. He sighed and said, "If trees are like this, how can people bear it!" He climbed up the branches and held onto the twigs, tears streaming down his face.
The Master said: “A ruler of a country should make clear what is good and what is bad, so as to show the people kindness, and then the people will not be double-minded. The Book of Songs says: ‘Be calm and share your position, and be good at being upright. ’” The Master said: “If the superior is suspicious, the people will be confused; if the subordinate is difficult to know, the ruler will be overworked. Therefore, a ruler who governs the people should make clear what is good to show the people, be careful of what is bad to prevent the people from being licentious, and then the people will not be confused. The ministers should follow the manners, not be heavy-handed, not support what they cannot do, and not bother what they do not know, and then the ruler will not be overworked. The Book of Songs says: ‘The God is strict, and the people are at peace. ’ The Xiaoya says: ‘It is not that they only share, but that the king is in harmony. ’”
Eat for three days, bathe for three months, and practice after a period of time, so that destruction does not destroy nature, and death does not hurt life. Mourning does not exceed three years, and mourning clothes do not repair, and graves are not built; on auspicious days, white harps are played to inform the people of the end; this is a rule of moderation. From serving the father to serving the mother, and love the same. There is no two suns in the sky, no two kings on earth, no two rulers in a country, no two masters in a family, and they are all governed by one. Therefore, when the father is alive, the mother should mourn for the same period of mourning, which shows that there is no two masters.
Someone asked General Yin Zhongjun: "Why does a general who is about to get a position dream of coffins and utensils, and a general who is about to get wealth dream of feces and dirt?" Yin said: "Officials are originally rotten and smelly, so a general who is about to get a position dreams of coffins and corpses; wealth is originally feces and dirt, so a general who is about to get a position dreams of dirt and dirt." People at that time thought that his name was untrue.
Morality, benevolence and righteousness cannot be achieved without propriety, and teaching and correcting customs cannot be achieved without propriety. When resolving disputes, do not make the decision without proper etiquette. The relationship between the ruler and his subjects, father and son, and brothers cannot be determined without propriety. When an official studies or serves a teacher, he should not be close to him without proper etiquette. When Ban Chao governs the army and takes office to enforce the law, he must act with propriety and dignity. Praying to temples and offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods are not polite, sincere or solemn. Therefore, a gentleman is respectful, frugal, and yielding in order to show courtesy. Parrots can speak, but they are still birds; orangutans can speak, but they are still animals. People nowadays are rude, even if they can speak, don’t they have the heart of beasts? Only animals are so undisciplined that fathers and sons live together. Therefore, the sages created rituals to teach people. Teach people to be polite and know how to distinguish themselves from animals.
In the teaching of the university, there must be regular work during the teaching, and there must be study after resting. If you don't learn to play the string, you can't play the string properly; if you don't learn to read the Book of Songs, you can't play the Book of Songs properly; if you don't learn to wear various clothes, you can't play the rites properly; if you don't learn to play the art, you can't enjoy learning. Therefore, the gentleman hides, cultivates, rests, and wanders in learning. Therefore, he is at ease with his learning and loves his teacher, enjoys his friends and believes in his way. Therefore, even if he leaves his teacher, he will not turn back. The Book of Changes says: "Respect your grandchildren and be diligent in time, and then your cultivation will come." Is this what it means!
In this month, you cannot call for war, as it will be a natural disaster. If war does not start, it should not start with us. Do not change the way of heaven, do not break the principles of the earth, and do not disrupt the rules of people.
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