national symbols

Dawn

Confucius shot in the garden of the prime minister, and the spectators were like a wall. When shooting reached Sima, he asked Zilu to hold the bow and arrow, and went out to shoot and said: "The generals of the Ben army, the great officials who lost the country, and those who were behind others will not enter, and the rest will enter." Half of them left and half entered. He also ordered Gongwangzhiqiu and Xudian to hold up a cup and speak. Gongwangzhiqiu held up a cup and spoke, saying: "Those who are filial and respectful to their brothers when young and strong, and who are courteous and polite when old and old, who do not follow the trend and cultivate themselves to wait for death, are not in this position." Half of them left, and half stayed. Xudian held up a cup again and spoke, saying: "Those who are eager to learn, who are unchanging in their love of etiquette, and who praise the way without disorder during the period of the flag period, are not in this position." Only those who survived.

Imperial Pen God

Shun was buried in the wilderness of Cangwu, probably because the three concubines did not follow him. Ji Wuzi said: "Duke Zhou was buried."

The Immortal's Story

Hua Xin treated his sons and daughters very strictly. Even in a quiet room, he was as strict as if they were in the court. The brothers Chen Yuanfang indulged in tenderness and love, and the two families did not deviate from the track of Yongxi.

The Cute Wife of the Fifties: The Soldier King is too stuffy!

The curtain funeral is not an ancient practice, it started with Jing Jiang's crying for Mu Bo. Funeral is the utmost sorrow. To be moderate in sorrow is to adapt to changes; a gentleman remembers the one who started it. To return is the way to love to the utmost, with the heart of praying and worshiping; to look back to the ghosts is the way to seek the ghosts and gods; to face north is the meaning of seeking the ghosts. To bow and kowtow is to hide the utmost sorrow; to kowtow is to hide it very much. To eat rice and shellfish is to not bear to be empty; not to eat the way, but to use delicious food. To inscribe is to make a clear mark, because the dead are inseparable, so they are marked with flags. To love is to record; to respect is to do the best. Chong is to focus on the way, the Yin Dynasty focused on the emphasis; the Zhou Dynasty focused on the emphasis. Offering with plain utensils is because the living have a plain heart; only in the ritual of offering sacrifices, the host commits suicide; who knows that the gods also have a respectful heart. The jumping is the extreme of sorrow, and there is a calculation, so it is a moderation. Baring and pulling up hair are changes; anger is a change of sorrow. Removing ornaments is to remove beauty; baring and pulling up hair are to remove ornaments to the extreme. Baring something and wearing something are the moderation of sorrow. Burying with a hat and a shawl is the way to communicate with the gods, and there is a respectful heart. The Zhou people buried with a hat, and the Yin people buried with a shawl. The host and the mistress of the house are old, because they are sick, and the king ordered them to eat. Crying and going up to the hall is to return to what they have done; the mistress of the house is to return to what they have raised. Crying and mourning is the extreme of sorrow - it is lost, so it is serious. The Yin people mourned after the enfeoffment, and the Zhou people mourned and cried. Confucius said, "Yin is already sincere, I will follow Zhou." The burial place is in the north, which is the etiquette of the Three Dynasties, because it is a secluded place. After the enthronement, the host will present gifts and pray for the corpse of Su Yu. After the return of the mourning, the host and the officials will look at the sacrifice of Yu. The officials will place a few tables and offer sacrifices to the left of the tomb. Returning, the mourning will be performed at noon. The mourning is performed on the day of the burial, because it cannot bear to be away for a day. In this month, the sacrifice is replaced with the mourning. The end of the mourning is called the completion of the matter. On this day, the funeral sacrifice is replaced with the auspicious sacrifice. The next day, the grave is buried with the grandfather. The change to the auspicious sacrifice is the same as the grave. When it comes to the grave, it must be on this day - it cannot bear to have nothing to return to in a day. Yin was buried with silk, while Zhou was buried with tears. Confucius liked Yin. When the king came to the funeral of his minister, he used the witch to pray for peach and straw and held a spear - he hated it; it was different from the living. There is a way of death in the funeral. This is what the ancient kings found difficult to talk about. The morning of the funeral is to show filial piety to the deceased, and to mourn for the deceased. Therefore, the funeral should be held at the temple of the ancestors. In the Yin Dynasty, the ancestors were buried, and in the Zhou Dynasty, the deceased was buried.

Pet King

Forced to marry at the beginning

Ziyou asked, “Is it a courtesy to mourn a loving mother as if she were your own mother?” Confucius said, “It is not a courtesy. In ancient times, men had tutors outside and loving mothers inside, and they were appointed by the king to teach their children. Why should they wear mourning clothes? In the past, Duke Zhao of Lu lost his mother when he was young. He had a loving mother who was good. When her mother died, the duke could not bear to mourn her. He wanted to mourn her. The officials reported it to the king, who said, “According to the ancient etiquette, loving mothers should not be mourned. Now you are mourning for her. This is against the ancient etiquette and disrupts the laws of the country. If you carry it out, the officials will write it down and leave it to future generations. Isn’t it wrong!” The duke said, “In ancient times, the emperor wore a silk hat when he was at home. 'The Duke could not bear it, so he wore a white hat to mourn his beloved mother. The practice of mourning a beloved mother began with Duke Zhao of Lu. Zengzi asked, "When the princes meet the emperor, they cannot complete the ceremony when entering the door. How many of them are abolished?" Confucius said, "Four." Please ask. He said, "The great temple is on fire, the sun is eclipsed, the queen's funeral, and the rain soaks the clothes and makes them lose their appearance, then it is abolished. If all the princes are present and the sun is eclipsed, they will follow the emperor to put out the sun, and each will give his own weapons in his own color. If the great temple is on fire, they will follow the emperor to put out the fire, and will not give his own weapons in his own color." Zengzi asked, "When the princes meet, they bow and yield to each other when entering the door, and cannot complete the ceremony. How many of them are abolished?" Confucius said, "Six." Please ask. He said, "When the emperor dies, the great temple is on fire, the sun is eclipsed, the queen's funeral, and the rain soaks the clothes and makes them lose their appearance, then it is abolished." Zengzi asked, "When the emperor has offered sacrifices to the five sacrifices in the suburbs and the altars, the food and utensils have been laid out, and when the emperor dies, what should be done with the queen's funeral?" Confucius said, "Abolished. Zengzi asked, "When the sacrifice is to be made and the sun is eclipsed, and the Taimiao is on fire, what should be done with the sacrifice?" Confucius said, "Just follow the sacrifice. If the animal arrives but has not been killed, it is cancelled. When the emperor dies but has not been buried, the five sacrifices cannot be performed; after the funeral, the sacrifice is performed, the corpse is brought in, the three meals are not served, and the wine is not vinegared. From the opening to the return of the mourning, the five sacrifices cannot be performed; after the burial, the sacrifice is performed, the prayers are finished and the offerings are made." Zengzi asked, "When the princes offer sacrifices to the gods and grain, the sacrificial vessels and dishes are already laid out. What should they do when they hear of the death of the emperor, the mourning of the queen, the death of the king, or the mourning of the lady?" Confucius said, "Abolish it. From the death to the funeral, from the opening to the return of the mourning, they serve the emperor." Zengzi asked, "When the ministers offer sacrifices, the tripods and sacrificial vessels are laid out, and the dishes are set out, but the rituals cannot be completed. How many of them are cancelled?" Confucius said, "Nine. "Please ask. He said: "The death of the emperor, the mourning of the queen, the death of the monarch, the mourning of the lady, the fire of the monarch's grand temple, the solar eclipse, the three-year mourning, the mourning of Qisui and the great merit are all abolished. The mourning of the outside world from Qisui onwards is carried out. The sacrifice of Qisui is that the corpse is brought in, three meals are not served, and the wine is not made with vinegar. The great merit is just a vinegar. The small merit and mourning are just things in the room. The reason why scholars are different is that they do not offer sacrifices in mourning, and they offer sacrifices to the dead without wearing mourning clothes. "