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Xun Ciming met Yuan Lang of Runan and asked about the people of Yingchuan. Ciming mentioned his brothers first. Lang laughed and said, "Can a scholar be selected only because of his kinship?" Ciming said, "You are questioning me, what scripture are you basing your opinion on?" Lang said, "I was just asking about the country's scholars, but you mentioned my brothers, so I blame them." Ciming said, "In the past, Qi Xi recommended people from within the country without missing their sons, and recommended people from outside the country without missing their enemies, which was considered to be very fair. The poem of King Wen of Gongdan did not discuss the virtues of Yao and Shun, but praised Wen and Wu, which is the meaning of loving one's relatives. The meaning of the Spring and Autumn Annals is to include one's country within and exclude other countries. Moreover, if one does not love one's relatives but loves others, is it not against virtue?"
Then why is it three years? Answer: The closest relatives are separated by a period. Why is that? Answer: The heaven and earth have changed, the four seasons have changed, and everything in the heaven and earth has been renewed, so it is a symbol. Then why is it three years? Answer: It is to add more, so why double it, so it is a double period. Why is it from September to below? Answer: Why not make it less than that. Therefore, three years is a period of mourning, a small mourning is a period of mourning, and a period of nine months is a period of mourning. Take the image from the sky above, the law from the earth below, and the example from people in the middle, and the principle of human beings living together and in harmony is complete. Therefore, the three-year mourning is the most elegant of human nature, and this is called the most solemn. This is the same for all kings, and the same for ancient and modern times, but no one knows where it comes from. Confucius said: "After three years of life, one can escape from the embrace of parents; the three-year mourning is the most common mourning in the world."
Taiwei Wang did not associate with Yu Zisong, and Yu Qing did not tolerate him. The king said, "You cannot do what you want." Yu said, "You are my master, and I am your master. I will use my own rules, and you will use your own rules."
If there is a minister who is completely incompetent and has no other skills, and whose heart is at ease, how can he tolerate it? If someone has skills, he will treat them as if they were his own; if someone is a wise man, he will like them in his heart, as if they were coming out of his mouth. If he can really tolerate them, he can protect his descendants and the people, and it is still beneficial! If someone has skills, he will be jealous and hate them; if someone is a wise man, he will oppose them and make them unacceptable: If he can really not tolerate them, he will not be able to protect his descendants and the people, and it is also dangerous! "Only benevolent people can exile them and drive them to the four barbarians, and not let them live with China. This means that only benevolent people can love people and hate people. Seeing the virtuous but not being able to promote them, promoting them but not being able to lead them, is fate; seeing the evil but not being able to retreat, retreating but not being able to stay away, is a mistake. To like what people hate and to hate what people like is to go against people's nature, and the harm will surely come to oneself. Therefore, a gentleman has a great way, and he must be loyal and faithful to gain it, and arrogant and complacent to lose it.
The grand music director discusses the outstanding talents of the trained scholars and reports to the king, and then promotes them to the Sima, called Jinshi. The Sima discusses the talents of officials, discusses the virtuous Jinshi and reports to the king, and then decides on their opinions. After the discussion is decided, they are appointed to office, after being appointed to office, they are given titles, and after their positions are determined, they are given salaries. The officials shall be dismissed from their duties and shall not serve in the government for the rest of their lives. When they die, they shall be buried with the rites of a scholar. When there is a war, the Grand Tutor shall teach the scholars to use chariots and armor. All those who are skilled in skills and strength shall go to the four directions, bare their arms and legs, and decide on archery and charioteering. All those who are skilled in skills and serve the emperor include the historian, archer and charioteering, doctor, divination, and all kinds of craftsmen. All those who are skilled in skills and serve the emperor shall not hold two jobs, shall not transfer their positions, and shall not be ranked with scholars when they leave their hometown. Those who serve at home shall not be ranked with scholars when they leave their hometown. The Sikou shall rectify the punishment and make it clear to hear the case. He shall pierce the case three times. If there is an imperial decree but no brief, he shall not hear the case. He shall follow the lighter punishment and pardon the heavier punishment. When making the five punishments, he shall follow the heavenly judgment. The punishment shall be beautiful in the case.
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