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Ukiyo-e of Izuruya

I want to cultivate

In the morning, the three elders are in the school. The king is preceded by the shaman and followed by the historian. The divination and the blind man are all on his left and right. The king’s heart is to do nothing, in order to maintain the highest righteousness. Therefore, rituals are performed in the suburbs, and all gods receive their duties there. Rituals are performed in the community, and all kinds of goods can be achieved there. Rituals are performed in the ancestral temple, and filial piety and kindness are worn there. Rituals are performed in the five sacrifices, and the laws are rectified there. Therefore, from the suburbs, the community, the ancestral temple, the mountains and rivers, and the five sacrifices, the righteousness is cultivated and the ritual is stored. Therefore, rituals must be based on the great one, divided into heaven and earth, turned into yin and yang, changed into the four seasons, and arranged into ghosts and gods. The descent is called destiny, and its office is in heaven. Rituals must be based on heaven, moved by the land, arranged by things, changed by the seasons, coordinated by the division of arts, and the living of people is called nourishment. It is performed with goods and strength, and with resignation: food and drink, weddings, funerals, sacrifices, archery, and court appointments. Therefore, rites and righteousness are the great principles of human beings. They are used to cultivate trust and harmony, and to strengthen the connection of human skin and bones. They are the great principles for maintaining health, sending off the dead, and serving the gods. They are the great secrets for understanding the way of heaven and following human nature. Therefore, only the sages know that rites cannot be stopped. Therefore, when a country is ruined, a family is lost, or a person is killed, rites must be abandoned first. Therefore, rites are to people like wine has its own taste. Gentlemen use thick wine, while villains use thin wine. Therefore, sage kings cultivate the handle of righteousness and the order of rites to govern human nature. Therefore, human nature is the field of sage kings. Cultivate rites to cultivate it, explain righteousness to plant it, teach learning to weed it, root benevolence to gather it, and spread music to comfort it. Therefore, rites are the essence of righteousness. If you coordinate with all righteousness, then rites, which were not available to the ancient kings, can be established with righteousness. Righteousness is the division of art and the section of benevolence. If you coordinate with art and teach benevolence, those who have it will be strong. Benevolence is the root of righteousness and the essence of obedience. Those who have it are respected. Therefore, if one does not govern the country with propriety, it is like tilling the field without a hoe; if one does not base propriety on righteousness, it is like tilling the field without planting; if one does righteousness without studying it, it is like planting without weeding; if one studies it without combining it with benevolence, it is like weeding without harvesting; if one combines it with benevolence but does not comfort it with pleasure, it is like harvesting without eating; if one comforts it with pleasure but does not reach obedience, it is like eating without getting fat. When the four limbs are straight, the skin and leather are full, then a person is fat. When father and son are loyal, brothers are harmonious, and husband and wife are harmonious, then a family is fat. When the ministers are law-abiding, the junior ministers are honest, the officials are in order, and the ruler and ministers are in order, then a country is fat. When the emperor uses virtue as his chariot and music as his chariot, when the princes treat each other with propriety, when the great officials follow the law to order each other, when the scholars examine each other with trust, and when the people keep each other in harmony, then the world is fat. This is called great obedience. Great obedience is the way to maintain health and send off the dead, and to serve ghosts and gods. The story is that the accumulation of large things does not mean that they are gardens, the paralleling of things does not mean that they are wrong, and the walking of small things does not mean that they are lost. It is deep and connected, and luxuriant but with gaps. It is connected but does not reach each other, and it moves but does not harm each other. This is the ultimate obedience. Therefore, only when you understand obedience can you guard against danger. Therefore, the difference between rituals is not to be plentiful, and not to kill, so as to maintain emotions and meet danger. Therefore, the reason why the sage king is obedient is that he does not allow the mountain people to live in the river, and does not allow the islet people to live in the central plain, so as not to be exhausted. Use water, fire, gold and wood, and eat and drink in season. Marry men and women, and grant titles, and they must be virtuous in the year. Use the people in obedience. Therefore, there are no disasters such as floods, droughts, insects, and the people do not suffer from diseases such as famine, evil spirits and evil spirits. Therefore, the sky does not love its way, the earth does not love its treasures, and people do not love their emotions. Therefore, the sky sends down the oil and dew, the earth produces sweet springs, the mountains produce vehicles, the rivers produce horse pictures, the phoenix and the unicorn are all in the suburbs, the turtle and the dragon are in the palace and the marsh, and the eggs and embryos of other birds and beasts can all be seen from above. Then there is no reason. The ancient kings were able to cultivate rituals to achieve righteousness and to embody trust to achieve compliance, so this is the reality of compliance.

The Ninth Xi

General Wang said of his son: "His spirit and appearance seem to be good."

Chaos Years

He Pingshu had a handsome appearance and a very fair face; Emperor Ming of Wei suspected that he was wearing too much powder. In the middle of summer, eat hot soup noodles. After eating, he broke out in a sweat and wiped himself with his red clothes, and his complexion became brighter.

The broken sword string cuts off Xie Yi

Confucius shot in the garden of the prime minister, and the spectators were like a wall. When shooting reached Sima, he asked Zilu to hold the bow and arrow, and went out to shoot and said: "The generals of the Ben army, the great officials who lost the country, and those who were behind others will not enter, and the rest will enter." Half of them left and half entered. He also ordered Gongwangzhiqiu and Xudian to hold up a cup and speak. Gongwangzhiqiu held up a cup and spoke, saying: "Those who are filial and respectful to their brothers when young and strong, and who are courteous and polite when old and old, who do not follow the trend and cultivate themselves to wait for death, are not in this position." Half of them left, and half stayed. Xudian held up a cup again and spoke, saying: "Those who are eager to learn, who are unchanging in their love of etiquette, and who praise the way without disorder during the period of the flag period, are not in this position." Only those who survived.

Urban Master: The Beautiful World

In the past, Confucius and the wax guests were together. After the event, they went out to the pavilion and sighed. Confucius sighed, probably sighing for Lu. Yan Yan, who was standing by, said: "Why do you sigh, gentleman?" Confucius said: "The practice of the great way, with the heroes of the three dynasties, I have not yet reached them, but I have the ambition to do so." The practice of the great way makes the world public. Select the virtuous and the capable, talk about trust and cultivate harmony, so that people not only love their relatives and their children, but also make sure that the old have a place to live, the strong have a place to work, the young have a place to grow, and the widowed, lonely, disabled and sick are all taken care of. Men have their share, and women have their home. Goods are not worth throwing away, so they don't have to keep them for themselves; strength is not worth using, so it doesn't have to be used for oneself. Therefore, plots are closed and not raised, thefts and riots are not committed, and the outer doors are not closed. This is called the Great Harmony. Now that the great way is hidden, the world is like a family. Everyone loves his relatives and his children. He uses his goods and strength for himself. The great people follow the etiquette of the generations. The city walls, ditches and ponds are used as a defense, and the etiquette and righteousness are used as a discipline; to correct the relationship between the ruler and the minister, to be loyal to the father and son, to be harmonious with the brothers, to be harmonious with the husband and wife, to establish the system, to establish the fields, to be virtuous, brave and knowledgeable, and to take credit for one's achievements. Therefore, plots are made from this, and wars are raised from this. Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, King Cheng, and Duke Zhou were selected from this. There is no one among these six gentlemen who does not observe etiquette. To show the righteousness, to test the trustworthiness, to show the faults, to punish the kind and to encourage the yielding, to show the people that there is a constant. If there are those who do not follow this, those in power will leave, and the people will think it is a disaster. This is called the well-off society. Yan Yan asked again, "Is this why etiquette is so urgent?" Confucius said, "Etiquette is what the ancient kings used to follow the way of heaven and to govern people's emotions. Therefore, those who lose it die, and those who obtain it live. The Book of Songs says, 'The mouse has a body, but man is without etiquette; if man is without etiquette, why don't he die quickly?' Therefore, etiquette must be based on heaven, rubbed on earth, listed in ghosts and gods, and applied to funerals, sacrifices, archery, weddings, and marriages. Therefore, the sages showed it with etiquette, so that the world and the country can be rectified." Yan Yan asked again, "Master, what you said about rituals, can I hear them?" Confucius said, "I wanted to observe the way of Xia, so I went to Qi, but it was not enough to prove it; I got the time of Xia there. I wanted to observe the way of Yin, so I went to Song, but it was not enough to prove it; I got Kun and Gan there. The meaning of Kun and Gan, the same as the time of Xia, I observe it in this way." At the beginning of rituals, they started with food and drink. They burned millet and ate pork, stained the cups and drank from them, beat drums with sticks, as if they could show respect to ghosts and gods. When they died, they climbed up the roof and cried, saying, "Gao! So-and-so is back." Then they ate fishy food and ate sorghum. Therefore, when the sky looks up and the earth hides, the body and soul descend, and the spirit is above. Therefore, the dead head north and the living face south, all in accordance with the beginning. In the past, the ancient kings did not have palaces. In winter, they lived in caves and in summer, they lived in nests. Before the invention of fire, people ate the fruits of plants and trees, the flesh of birds and beasts, drank their blood, and ate their fur. Before there was hemp and silk, people wore feathers and skins. Later, when sages came into being, they improved the benefits of fire, molded gold and mixed earth to build terraces, palaces, windows and doors, and used them for cannon fire, burning, roasting and roasting to make sweet and cheese; processed hemp and silk to make cloth, to nourish the body and send off the dead, to serve ghosts, gods and God, all in accordance with the beginning of the year. Therefore, dark wine is in the room, sweet wine is in the door, rice and milk are in the hall, and clear wine is in the room. They display their sacrifices, prepare their tripods and sacrificial vessels, arrange their zithers, pipes, chimes, bells and drums, and perform their prayers to bring down the gods and ancestors. This is to rectify the relationship between the ruler and the minister, to strengthen the father and son, to reconcile brothers, to make the upper and lower equal, and to make husband and wife have something. This is called receiving the blessing from heaven. Make a prayer, offer dark wine as sacrifice, offer blood and hair, smear the sacrificial table, prepare the meat, and place the feast on the table. Use thin cloth to cover the table, cover the washed silk, offer wine and wine, offer roasted meat, and the king and his wife offer sacrifices to cheer the souls. This is called Hemo. Then retreat and Heheng, and feel the dogs, pigs, cattle and sheep, and fill the food containers, dishes, and soups. Pray with filial piety and sing with kindness. This is called Daxiang. This is the great achievement of ritual.