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Zengzi asked, "When the burial leads to the grave, if the sun is eclipsed, will there be changes? Or not?" Confucius said, "In the past, I followed Lao Dan to help with the burial in Xiangdang. When we reached the grave, the sun was eclipsed. Lao Dan said, 'Qiu! Stop the coffin, stand on the right side of the road, stop crying and wait for changes.' After daybreak, he turned back and went on. He said, 'It is the etiquette.' When the burial was reversed, Qiu asked, 'The coffin cannot be reversed. If the sun is eclipsed, how can we go if we don't know how late it will be?' Lao Dan said, 'The princes go to the emperor's court, and leave the sacrifice at the sun; the officials go to the emperor's court, and leave the sacrifice at the sun. The coffin does not leave early and does not stay late. Only criminals and those who go to the funeral of their parents go on the journey when they see the stars! The sun is eclipsed, how do you know that the stars are not visible? Moreover, a gentleman practices etiquette and does not take people's relatives as his concern. 'I heard Lao Dan say this.
The etiquette for being a son is: be warm in winter and cool in summer, be alert at dusk and check on others in the morning, and do not argue with the ugly and the barbaric.
When a person dies, he should not be idle for three days, and he should not be relieved for three months. He should be sad for three years, and he should be worried for three years - this is the killing of grace. The sage uses killing to control moderation, and this is why mourning lasts for three years. The wise should not go beyond the limit, and the unworthy should not fail to reach the limit. This is the mean of mourning, and it is what the king always does. The Book of Documents says: "Emperor Gaozong was lenient and did not speak for three years." This is good; all kings should follow this ritual. Why is it good for him alone? It is said: Emperor Gaozong was Wu Ding; Wu Ding was a wise king of the Yin Dynasty. He succeeded the throne and was kind and good at mourning. At this time, the Yin Dynasty declined and revived, and rituals were abolished and revived, so he did it well. Because it was good, it was recorded in the book and praised, so he was called Emperor Gaozong. During the three-year mourning, the king did not speak. The Book of Documents says: "Emperor Gaozong was lenient and did not speak for three years." This is what it means. However, those who say "speaking without culture" refer to the ministers.
Whenever guests enter, each door should be opened to the guests. When the guest arrives at the bedroom door, the host invites him in and takes a seat, and then goes out to greet the guest. The guest insisted on declining, and the host invited him in. The host enters on the right, and the guest enters on the left. The host goes up the east steps, the guest goes up the west steps. If the guest wants to lower his status, he goes up the host's steps. The host firmly declined, and then the guest returned to the west steps. The host and the guest give way to each other and the host goes up first, followed by the guest, climbing up the steps together and walking up in succession. When going up the east steps, put your right foot first; when going up the west steps, put your left foot first.
The Master said: "Shun is a great filial son! Virtue is a saint, and respect is heaven. Son, you are rich in the four seas. The ancestral temples offer you a feast, and your descendants protect you. Therefore, a person of great virtue will surely get his position, his salary, his reputation, and his longevity. Therefore, the creatures of heaven must be based on their talents. Therefore, those who plant will cultivate them, and those who tilt will overturn them. The Book of Songs says: "A gentleman of good fortune is a man of virtue. He is kind to the people and kind to others. He receives the salary from heaven, and is blessed by the destiny, which is granted by heaven. ' Therefore, a person of great virtue will surely receive the destiny. "
In ancient times, when the princes shot, they had to perform the banquet ceremony first; when the ministers, officials, and scholars shot, they had to perform the village drinking ceremony first. Therefore, the banquet ceremony is to clarify the righteousness between the monarch and his subjects; the village drinking ceremony is to clarify the order of seniority.
In the second month of autumn, the sun is in Jiao, the sun is in the morning, and the sun is in the morning. The days are Geng and Xin, the emperor is Shaohao, and the god is Rushu. The insects are hair. The sound is Shang, and the rhythm is Zhongnan Lü. The number is nine. The taste is spicy and the smell is fishy. The sacrifice is at the gate, and the liver is sacrificed. The blind wind comes, the wild geese come, the black birds return, and the birds gather food. The emperor lives in the Zongzhang Temple, rides on the military road, drives a white camel, carries a white flag, wears white clothes, wears white jade, eats hemp and dog, and his utensils are thin and deep.
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