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Ziyun: "As for the father's hand, you can ride in his car but not wear his clothes. The gentleman uses this to expand filial piety." Confucius said: "The villain can all support their parents, but the gentleman is not respectful, how to distinguish?" Confucius said: "Father and son are not in the same position, so they are respectful." The Book of Documents says: "If you don't respect your ancestors, you will be disgraced." Confucius said: "When parents are alive, don't call them old, talk about filial piety but not kindness; inside the boudoir, play but don't sigh." The gentleman uses this to keep the people, and the people are still less filial and more kind. Confucius said: "The ruler of the people, the court respects the elderly, and then the people will be filial." Confucius said: "Sacrificial offerings have corpses, and they are the masters of the ancestral temples, which show the people that there is something to do. Repairing the ancestral temples and respecting the sacrifices are to teach the people to pursue filial piety." With this, the people still forget their parents.
During the Zhengshi period, people compared and debated, and ranked the Five Xuns against the Five Chens: Xun Shu was against Chen Shi, Xun Jing was against Chen Chen, Xun Shuang was against Chen Ji, Xun Yu was against Chen Qun, and Xun Xi was against Chen Tai. There are also eight Peis and eight kings: Pei Hui is the counterpart of Wang Xiang, Pei Kai is the counterpart of Wang Yi Fu, Pei Kang is the counterpart of Wang Sui, Pei Chuo is the counterpart of Wang Cheng, Pei Zan is the counterpart of Wang Dun, Pei Xia is the counterpart of Wang Dao, Pei Wei is the counterpart of Wang Rong, and Pei Miao is the counterpart of Wang Xuan.
The general principles of all rituals are to follow the heaven and earth, follow the four seasons, follow the yin and yang, and follow human nature, so they are called rituals. Those who criticize them do not know where rituals come from. Rituals, good and bad, are different, and cannot be interrelated, which is derived from yin and yang. There are four rules for mourning, which change according to the situation, which is derived from the four seasons. There are grace, reason, moderation, and power, which are derived from human nature. Grace is benevolence, reason is righteousness, moderation is ritual, and power is knowledge. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom are all human nature.
Emperor Wen of Jin shared a carriage with the two Chens. He called for Zhong Hui to ride with him and then drove away. Compared to, it is already far away. When he arrived, the emperor mocked him and said, "You are so late when we meet. I see you are so far away." Hui replied, "I am a virtuous person, why should I stay with others?" The emperor asked Hui again, "What kind of person is Gao Yao?" He replied, "I am not as good as Yao and Shun, nor as good as Zhou and Confucius, but I am also a virtuous person of my time."
In this month, officials who are not doing anything can be dismissed and useless tools can be removed. The gates of the court can be painted, and prisons can be built. This is to help the heaven and earth to close and hide. In the middle of winter, if the summer order is carried out, the country will suffer from drought, fog and thunder will sound. If the autumn order is carried out, it will rain, melons and gourds will not grow, and the country will have a large army. If the spring order is carried out, locusts will be defeated, the springs will dry up, and the people will suffer from scabies.
Youzi asked Zengzi: "Have you asked about funerals, Master?" He said: "I have heard that funerals want to get poor quickly, and death wants to decay quickly." Youzi said: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen heard it from the Master." Youzi said again: "This is not what a gentleman says." Zengzi said: "Shen and Ziyou heard it." Youzi said: "Yes, then the Master said it for a reason." Zengzi told Ziyou this. Ziyou said, "How wonderful! Youzi's words are similar to yours. Once upon a time, when the Master was living in Song, he saw Sima Huan making a stone coffin for himself, which took three years to complete. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to decay quickly than to die.' The desire to decay quickly was what Sima Huan said. When Nangong Jingshu returned, he would bring treasures with him to the court. The Master said, 'If it is so, then it is better to become poor quickly than to be buried.' The desire to become poor quickly was what Jingshu said." Zengzi told him what Ziyou said. When Youzi was talking to Youzi, Youzi said, "Yes, I have always said that this is not what the Master said." Zengzi said, "How do you know this?" Youzi said, "The Master made a four-inch coffin and a five-inch outer coffin in Zhongdu, so he knew that he did not want to decay quickly. In the past, when the Master lost the position of Sikou of Lu and was about to go to Jing, he first asked Zixia and then Ran You, so he knew that he did not want to become poor quickly."
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