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Zhongsun Yanli 67万字 835494人读过 连载

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Duke Wen of Wei asked Zixia, "When I listen to ancient music with my crown on, I am afraid of falling asleep; when I listen to the music of Zheng and Wei, I do not feel tired. May I ask: Why is ancient music like that? Why is new music like this?" Zixia replied, "Now, ancient music is advancing and retreating, harmonious and upright, and broad. Strings, gourds, shengs, and reeds are combined, guarded, and drums are played. At the beginning, it is played with elegance, and chaos is restored with force. Chaos is controlled with the minister, and the rapidity is investigated with elegance. Gentlemen talk about the ancient times, cultivate themselves and their families, and make the world equal. This is the origin of ancient music. Now, new music is advancing and retreating, and the sound of evil is heard. The music is so excessive that it cannot stop. When there are dwarfs and children mixed together, they do not know the difference between father and son. Music cannot be discussed in the end, and the ancient music cannot be mentioned. This is the emergence of new music. What you are asking about is music, and what you like is music! Music is similar to music but different. "Wen Hou asked, "May I ask how it is?" Zixia replied, "In ancient times, the heaven and the earth were in harmony and the four seasons were in order. The people were virtuous and the five grains flourished. Diseases did not occur and there were no evil omens. This is called the great order. Then the sages established the relationship between father and son, ruler and minister, and made it a rule. When the rules are correct, the world will be great. Stable. When the world is stable, then the six musical notes are corrected, the five tones are harmonized, and the music is sung with strings and poems. This is called the sound of virtue; the sound of virtue is called music. The Book of Songs says: "There is no sound of virtue better than this. His virtue is clear. He is able to be clear and kind, to be superior and to rule the country, and he rules this great country. He is able to obey and to be gracious, and he has been gracious to King Wen. His virtue is unrepentant. He has received the emperor's blessing and passed it on to his grandson. "This is what it means. What you like now is the music of indulgence?" Wen Hou said: "May I ask where the music of indulgence comes from?" Zixia replied: "The music of Zheng likes to indulge in lewdness, the music of Song likes to indulge the women of Yan, and the music of Wei likes to be lewd. The four are all indulgent and harmful to virtue, so they are not used in sacrifices. The Book of Songs says: "The sound of the bells is solemn and harmonious, and the ancestors listen to it." Solemnity is respect; harmony is harmony. If you are respectful and harmonious, what can't be done? A ruler should be careful about what he likes and dislikes. If the ruler likes it, the ministers will do it. If the ruler practices it, the people will follow it. The Book of Songs says: "It is very easy to lure the people." This is what it means. "Then the sages made drums, gongs, cymbals, cymbals, and chisels. These six are the sounds of virtue. Then the bells, chimes, flutes, and harps were used to harmonize them, and the halberds, shields, and flags were used to dance with them. This is how sacrifices are made to the temples of the ancestors, how offerings are made, how the officials are ranked according to their proper positions, and how the order of seniority and juniority is shown to future generations. The bells sounded loud, and the loudness established the order, the order established the horizontal, and the horizontal established the military. When a gentleman hears the sound of bells, he thinks of military officials. The sound of stone chimes is like chimes, chimes are used to establish judgment, judgment leads to death. When a gentleman hears the sound of chimes, he thinks of officials who died for the frontier. The sound of silk is sad, sadness is used to establish integrity, integrity is used to establish ambition. When a gentleman hears the sound of zither and qin, he thinks of officials with ambition and righteousness. The sound of bamboo is loud, loudness is used to establish meetings, meetings are used to gather people. When a gentleman hears the sound of 竽, 笙, 箫, and 管, he thinks of officials who gather people. The sound of drums and cymbals is loud, loudness is used to establish movement, movement is used to advance the people. When a gentleman hears the sound of drums and cymbals, he thinks of officials who are generals. When a gentleman listens to music, he does not just listen to the clanging of guns, but also has something to match.

Confucius said: "How sad! I see the way of Zhou, and You and Li hurt it. Why should I leave Lu? Lu's suburban sacrifice is not rite, and Zhou Gong is in decline! Qi's suburban sacrifice is Yu's, and Song's suburban sacrifice is Qi's. This is the emperor's duty. Therefore, the emperor sacrifices to heaven and earth, and the princes sacrifice to the gods and grain." Zhu and Ku dare not change the old customs, which is called Dahuan. The words of the Zhugu are hidden in the ancestral priests and the shamans. This is not rite, and this is called the seclusion of the state. The wine cups and the corpses of the monarch are not rite, and this is called usurping the monarch. The crowns, hats, and weapons are hidden in private homes. This is not rite, and this is called threatening the monarch. The officials are in their official positions, but the sacrificial utensils are not used, and the music is all prepared. This is not rite, and this is called disordering the state. Therefore, those who serve the duke are called ministers, and those who serve the family are called servants. During the three-year mourning period, those who are married to the new bride are not allowed to serve for a period of time. Wearing mourning clothes to enter the court and living with the family servants is not rite, and this is called the monarch and the ministers are in the same country. Therefore, the emperor has land to live with his descendants, the princes have countries to live with their descendants, and the officials have jade to live with their descendants. This is called the system. Therefore, when the emperor visits the princes, he must leave the ancestral court and not enter according to the rites. This is called the emperor breaking the law and disordering the rules. The princes enter the ministers' houses without visiting the illness or condolences. This is called the monarch and the ministers are joking. Therefore, ritual is the great power of the ruler. It is used to distinguish between the obvious and the subtle, to consult ghosts and gods, to examine the system, to distinguish between benevolence and righteousness, so as to govern the country and keep the ruler safe. Therefore, if the government is not right, the ruler's position will be in danger; if the ruler's position is in danger, the ministers will betray him and the minor officials will steal. If the punishment is strict and the customs are corrupt, the law will be inconsistent; if the law is inconsistent, the ritual will be out of order; if the ritual is out of order, the scholars will not serve him. If the punishment is strict and the customs are corrupt, the people will not return to him, which is called a flaw in the country. Therefore, the government is the way for the ruler to hide himself. Therefore, the government must be based on heaven, and the destiny is sent down from heaven. Descending from the gods to the community is called the earth, descending from the ancestral temple is called benevolence and righteousness, descending from the mountains and rivers is called the creation, and descending from the five sacrifices is called the system. This is the solidity of the sage's self-concealment. Therefore, the sage participates in heaven and earth and in ghosts and gods to govern the country. To let people live in what they should be is the order of ritual; to enjoy what they should enjoy is the governance of the people. Therefore, the sky creates the time and the earth creates wealth; the father of a man is born and the teacher teaches him: the four things, the ruler uses them correctly, so the ruler stands in a place where there is no fault. Therefore, the ruler is what he should know, not what he should know people. The ruler is what he should raise, not what he should raise people. The ruler is what he should serve, not what he should serve people. Therefore, if the ruler knows people, he will make mistakes; if he raises people, he will be insufficient; if he serves people, he will lose his position. Therefore, the people should govern themselves, raise the ruler to make themselves safe, and serve the ruler to make themselves famous. Therefore, the rites are well-developed and the divisions are determined. Everyone loves death and worries about life. Therefore, use people's knowledge to get rid of their deceit, use people's courage to get rid of their anger, and use people's kindness to get rid of their greed. Therefore, when the country is in trouble, the ruler's death for the country is called righteousness, and the death of the ministers for the ancestral temple is called change. Therefore, the sage who treats the world as one family and China as one person is not just intentional, but must know the situation, avoid the righteousness, understand the benefits, and understand the dangers, and then he can do it. What is human nature? The seven emotions of joy, anger, sorrow, fear, love, hate, and desire are acquired without learning. What is human righteousness? The ten emotions of fatherly kindness, filial piety of son, goodness of elder brother, obedience of younger brother, righteousness of husband, obedience of wife, kindness of elder brother, obedience of younger brother, benevolence of ruler, and loyalty of minister are called human righteousness. To be trustworthy and harmonious is called human benefit. To fight and kill is called human trouble. Therefore, the sage governs the seven emotions of man and cultivates the ten righteousness, to be trustworthy and harmonious, to respect courtesy and give way, and to get rid of fighting. How can we govern without propriety? Food, sex, and love are the greatest desires of man; death, poverty, and misery are the greatest evils of man. Therefore, desire and evil are the great ends of the heart. Man hides his heart and cannot be measured; beauty and ugliness are in his heart and cannot be seen. If we want to understand them all, how can we do without propriety? Therefore, man is the virtue of heaven and earth, the interaction of yin and yang, the meeting of ghosts and gods, and the elegance of the five elements. Therefore, the sky holds the sun and hangs the sun and stars; the earth holds the yin and penetrates the mountains and rivers. The five elements are spread in the four seasons, and the moon is born after harmony. Therefore, three and five are full, and three and five are empty. The movement of the five elements is to exhaust each other. The five elements, four seasons, and twelve months are the basis of each other; the five sounds, six rhythms, and twelve pipes are the palaces of each other; the five flavors, six harmonies, and twelve foods are the essence of each other; the five colors, six chapters, and twelve clothes are the essence of each other. Therefore, people are the heart of heaven and earth, the beginning of the five elements, and they are born by eating, taste, sound, and color. Therefore, when a sage sets an example, he must take heaven and earth as the basis, yin and yang as the beginning, the four seasons as the handle, the sun and stars as the record, the moon as the measure, ghosts and gods as the followers, the five elements as the essence, etiquette and righteousness as the tool, human feelings as the field, and the four spirits as the livestock. With heaven and earth as the basis, things can be lifted; with yin and yang as the ends, feelings can be seen; with the four seasons as the handle, stories can be used to persuade; with the sun and stars as the record, stories can be listed; with the moon as the measure, achievements have skills; with ghosts and gods as the followers, stories have rules; with the five elements as the essence, stories can be repeated; with rites and righteousness as the tools, stories have examinations; with human nature as the field, people think it is profound; with the four spirits as livestock, food and drink have rules.

A gentleman knows the reasons why teaching is flourishing and the reasons why teaching is abolished, and then he can be a teacher. Therefore, the gentleman's teaching is to guide but not to force, to force but not to suppress, and to open but not to reach. If you follow the way but don't force it, you will be harmonious; if you are strong but don't suppress it, you will be easy; if you open but don't reach it, you will think; harmony and ease with thinking can be called good metaphor.

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最新章节：凌寒战荣杨（2025-03-15）

更新时间：2025-03-15