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Xie Wan wrote an essay on the Eight Sages, which was a counter-argument to Sun Xinggong's, and the difference was slightly better. After thanking her, she showed it to Gu Junqi, who said, "I also made it, and I know you don't want to name it."
Someone asked the scholar, "What's your old surname? " He answered, "Wu Fujun is the mature and wise king of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yongchang is the most virtuous man in managing things and has a high reputation in the selection of officials. Yan Zhongbi is the crane singing in Jiugao and the white colt in the empty valley. Gu Yanxian is the zither with eight tones and the dragon with five colors. Zhang Weibao is the lush pine in the cold winter and the ethereal light in the dark night. Lu Shiheng and Shilong are the swans that circle and the drums that are waiting for the hammer. All these gentlemen: use the big pen as a hoe and paper as a fertile field. Use mystery as crops and morality as a good harvest. Use conversation as brilliance and loyalty as treasures. Write articles as brocade and contain the Five Classics as silk. Silent sitting is like a seat and Zhang Yirang is like a curtain. Practice benevolence and righteousness as a house and cultivate morality as a large house."
Zeng Zi asked: "Can the funeral of a major merit be included in the offering of sacrifices?" Confucius said: "It is not a major merit! "Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "That is not what I mean. In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, their friends offer sacrifices; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can small merits be included in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "Why must it be small merits? Those who are in mourning clothes and below offer sacrifices; that is etiquette." Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are not in mourning clothes do not offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, if the sacrifice is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can acquaintances, if they are in mourning clothes, participate in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "If you don't offer sacrifices, how can you help others?" Zengzi asked, "Can you take away your mourning clothes and participate in the sacrifices?" ”Confucius said: "Saying mourning and offering sacrifices are not rites; it is OK to reject each other."
Pang Shiyuan of Nanjun heard that Sima Decao was in Yingchuan, so he traveled 2,000 miles to wait for him. When they arrived, they met Decao picking mulberry leaves. Shi Yuan said to him from inside the carriage, "I heard that a man should wear gold and purple when dealing with the world. How can he bend the flood and hold the silk women's affairs?" Decao said, "Get off the carriage for now. You know how to quickly go astray, and don't worry about losing your way. In the past, Bo Cheng worked in the fields with his wife, and did not envy the glory of the princes; Yuan Xian worked in the mulberry field, and was not interested in the official house. How can one sit in a luxurious house, ride a fat horse, and have dozens of maids, and then be extraordinary? This is why Xu and Fu were generous, and why Yi and Qi sighed for a long time. Even if one had stolen the title of Qin and had a wealth of thousands of horses, it would not be valuable enough!" Shi Yuan said, "I was born in a remote area, and I have rarely seen great principles. If you don't strike the loud bell or beat the thunder drum, you won't know their sound."
Zu Guanglu was orphaned and poor when he was young. He was very filial and often cooked for his mother. Wang Pingbei heard of his good name and gave him two maids as a reward, and then appointed him as a Zhonglang. Someone teased him, saying, "The price of a slave is twice that of a maid." Zu said, "Why should Baili Xi be less valuable than the skins of five goats?"
When the king gives a carriage and horses, ride to pay tribute to the gift; wear clothes to pay tribute to the gift; do not dare to ride or wear without the king's order. When the king gives, bow and place the gift on the ground with your palm; when wine and meat are given, do not bow twice. In all gifts, gentlemen and villains have different days. When offering to the king, the senior officials send the butcher, and the scholars are relatives, all bow twice and bow to send. When serving the king a meal, if there are meat peaches and straw, the straw is removed for the senior officials and the meat is removed for the scholars, and all are done by the butcher. The senior officials do not bow in person, as it is the king's response to themselves. The senior official bowed and gave gifts and left. The scholar waited for the promise and left. He bowed again, but no one bowed in return. The senior official personally gave gifts to the scholar. The scholar bowed and accepted. He bowed again in his room. He did not put on clothes before bowing. When the enemy was not present, he bowed in his room. Whenever he made an offering to a respected person, he did not dare to report it. The scholar did not accept the congratulations of the senior official. The lower official accepted the congratulations of the higher official. When the relatives were present, he addressed the person as father. If someone gave him gifts, he addressed him as father and bowed to him. The ceremony was not grand, and the clothes were not full. Therefore, the fur coat was not covered, and the carriage was not arranged in a proper manner.
Those who serve in the Grand Secretary of the Imperial Academy shall be seated three seats apart from each other, and may be asked questions. At the end, they shall lean against the wall. If the list of things is not finished, they shall not be asked. In all schools, the spring officials shall offer sacrifices to their ancestors, and the autumn and winter officials shall do the same. All newly established scholars must offer sacrifices to the sages and teachers; and when they do things, they must use money. All offerings must be made in harmony, otherwise it is not necessary for the country. All great music must be played to support the elderly. All those who speak in the suburbs must select the virtuous and gather talents. Some may be promoted by virtue, some by deeds, and some by words. All musical performances are sworn in, waiting for the next talk. If one of the three has achieved it, then he shall be promoted to a higher level, and according to his order, he shall be called a suburban person and kept away. It is the same as Chengjun and taking a title from the upper lord. When a newly established scholar has raised instruments and coins, he shall then offer food without dancing or giving instruments, and then leave. He shall be in the East Sequence, and offer once, without any interjection. Teach the crown prince.
Zixia said: "The words are great! Beautiful! Magnificent! Is it all that is said?" Confucius said: "Why is it so? The gentleman's clothes still have five rises." Zixia said: "How is it?" Confucius said: "The music without sound, the spirit and will are not violated; the etiquette without form, the dignity and manners are slow; the mourning without clothes, the inner forgiveness is sad. The music without sound, the spirit and will are obtained; the etiquette without form, the dignity and manners are cautious; the mourning without clothes is applied to the four countries. The music without sound, the spirit and will are in accordance with; the etiquette without form, the upper and lower are in harmony; the mourning without clothes, to keep all nations. The music without sound is heard in all directions every day; the ritual without form is heard day by day; the mourning without mourning clothes is pure virtue and wisdom. The music without sound is aroused; the ritual without form is spread to the four seas; the mourning without mourning clothes is spread to Sun Tzu. "
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