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Confucians do not fall in poverty, do not bend in wealth, do not be ashamed of the king, do not burden the elders, and do not pity the officials, so they are called Confucians. Nowadays, people call them Confucians, which is absurd, and often criticize each other as Confucians. "
Yin Zhongjun asked: "People naturally have no intention of accepting the offer. Why are there so few righteous people and so many evil people?" No one said anything. Liu Yin replied, “It is like writing water on the ground. It flows freely in all directions without any square or round shape.” He was amazed at the moment and thought that his name was well-known.
The prime minister controls the state expenditures, and he must do so at the end of the year, when all the grains have been harvested. The size of the land used depends on the harvest and loss of the year. The state expenditures are controlled based on the general situation of thirty years, and the expenditures are calculated according to the income, and the number of sacrifices is calculated. In mourning, there is no sacrifice for three years, and only sacrifices to heaven, earth, and the altar of grain are performed. The mourning period is three years. In funerals and sacrifices, if the expenditure is insufficient, it is called excessive; if the expenditure is sufficient, it is called lavish. In sacrifices, do not be extravagant in good years and do not be frugal in bad years. A country without nine years of reserves is called insufficient; without six years of reserves, it is called urgent; without three years of reserves, it is not a country. Three years of farming will ensure one year of food; nine years of farming will ensure three years of food. With thirty years of peace, even if there is a disaster, drought or flood, and the people have no vegetables, then the emperor will eat and celebrate every day.
Duke Huan asked Kong Xiyang, "How is Anshi compared to Zhongwen?" Kong Xiyang did not answer, but asked the Duke, "How?" He replied, "Anshi is superior because no one can surpass him, so he is superior."
Zengzi asked, "When the burial leads to the grave, if the sun is eclipsed, will there be changes? Or not?" Confucius said, "In the past, I followed Lao Dan to help with the burial in Xiangdang. When we reached the grave, the sun was eclipsed. Lao Dan said, 'Qiu! Stop the coffin, stand on the right side of the road, stop crying and wait for changes.' After daybreak, he turned back and went on. He said, 'It is the etiquette.' When the burial was reversed, Qiu asked, 'The coffin cannot be reversed. If the sun is eclipsed, how can we go if we don't know how late it will be?' Lao Dan said, 'The princes go to the emperor's court, and leave the sacrifice at the sun; the officials go to the emperor's court, and leave the sacrifice at the sun. The coffin does not leave early and does not stay late. Only criminals and those who go to the funeral of their parents go on the journey when they see the stars! The sun is eclipsed, how do you know that the stars are not visible? Moreover, a gentleman practices etiquette and does not take people's relatives as his concern. 'I heard Lao Dan say this.
Zhongni was at a banquet, and Zi Zhang, Zi Gong, and Yan were there to accompany him. They talked about etiquette. The Master said: “Stop! I will tell you three about etiquette and let you go around with etiquette to cover everything.” Zi Gong crossed the mat and replied: “May I ask how it goes? ”The Master said, “Respect without following the rules of propriety is called wildness; respect without following the rules of propriety is called servility; courage without following the rules of propriety is called rebellion.” The Master said, “Serving others takes away kindness and benevolence.” The Master said, “Master, you are too much; and Shang is not as good as that. Zichan is like the mother of all people, who can feed them but cannot teach them.” Zigong crossed the table and replied, “May I ask what you will do to achieve this middle point?” The Master said, “Ritual! Rituals are used to set the middle point.”
When Xu Xuandu sent his mother out of the capital, someone asked Liu Yin, "Does Xuandu believe what he has heard?" Liu Yin said, "His talent and intelligence exceed what I have heard."
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