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In ancient times, the seams of the hat were shrunk, but now, the seams are horizontal; so the hat of mourning is auspicious, which is not the ancient way. Zengzi said to Zisi: "Ji! When I was in mourning for my parents, I did not drink water for seven days." Zisi said: "The ancient kings established the rituals, those who passed by should bow down to reach it, and those who did not reach it should stand on tiptoe to reach it. Therefore, when a gentleman is in mourning for his parents, he should not drink water for three days, and he can only stand up after being caned." Zengzi said: "If small merits are not taxed, then distant brothers will never mourn, is that right?"
When Yu Zhigong was the governor of Jingzhou, he presented a feather fan to Emperor Wu. Emperor Wu suspected that it was an old item. Liu Shao, the imperial attendant, said: "When the cypress beams and clouds are constructed, the craftsmen are first placed under them; when the pipes and strings are playing, the bells and Kui are the first to hear the sounds. Zhigong presented the fan because it was good, not new." Empress Yu heard this and said: "This person should be by the emperor's side."
The steward draws water, but does not twist it. He does not go up to the hall until the steps are up. He gives it to the driver. The driver takes a bath: four junior officials carry the quilt, and two drivers bathe. The water for bathing is a basin, the water for pouring is a ladle, the bathing is a gauze towel, and the stroking is a bathing robe, just like other days; the junior officials scratch the feet, and the remaining water is thrown into the pit. When the mother dies, the inner driver carries the quilt and bathes. The steward draws water and gives it to the driver. The driver bathes in the hall - the king bathes in liang, the senior official bathes in millet, and the scholar bathes in liang. The Dian people built a sieve under the west wall, the pottery people brought out the heavy cauldrons, the Guan people received the bath, and then cooked it. The Dian people took the firewood from the northwest of the temple and used it to cook. The Guan people gave the driver a bath, and then he bathed; he used a clay plate for bathing, and a towel for rubbing. As on other days, the small officials cut their hands and beards, wet and washed, and threw them on the ditch. The king set up a big plate to make ice, the senior officials set up a flat plate to make ice, and the scholars used clay plates without ice. They set up a bed and a pillow. One bed was covered, one bed was covered, and another bed was moved to the hall. There were pillows and mats for the king, senior officials, and scholars.
In this month, he ordered the engineers to perform their work, display the sacrificial utensils, and follow the procedures. No one should do anything frivolous and ingenious to seduce the emperor. The most important thing is to achieve success. The names of craftsmen are engraved on objects to test their sincerity. If the work is not done properly, the crime must be punished to find out the truth. In this month, there are great feasts. The emperor prays to the ancestor of heaven for the coming year, and holds great sacrifices in the public community and the gates. The emperor worships the ancestors five times in the last year, and rests the hard-working farmers. The emperor orders the generals to give military lectures, practice archery, charioteering and wrestling.
Zeng Zi asked: "Can the funeral of a major merit be included in the offering of sacrifices?" Confucius said: "It is not a major merit! "Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "That is not what I mean. In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, their friends offer sacrifices; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less; if it is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can small merits be included in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "Why must it be small merits? Those who are in mourning clothes and below offer sacrifices; that is etiquette." Zengzi asked, "Is it not possible to make sacrifices with light clothes?" Confucius said, "In the funerals of the Son of Heaven and the dukes, those who are not in mourning clothes do not offer sacrifices; the high officials, those who are in mourning clothes offer sacrifices; the scholars, if the sacrifice is not enough, they take from those who are of great merit or less." Zengzi asked, "Can acquaintances, if they are in mourning clothes, participate in the sacrifices?" Confucius said, "If you don't offer sacrifices, how can you help others?" Zengzi asked, "Can you take away your mourning clothes and participate in the sacrifices?" ”Confucius said: "Saying mourning and offering sacrifices are not rites; it is OK to reject each other."
Sima Taifu asked Xie Cheqi: "Hui Zi wrote five carts of books, why is there not a single word that touches the profound?" Xie said: "It must be that the wonderful part was not passed on."
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