剑桥少儿英语网

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Zi Zhang asked about politics, and the Master said, "Teacher! Did I tell you before? A gentleman is clear about rites and music, and he only needs to raise and arrange them." Zi Zhang asked again. The Master said, "Teacher, do you think it is necessary to spread the table and the banquet, rise and fall, and offer wine and toast, and then it can be called rites? Do you think it is necessary to carry out the oracle, play the feather flute, and make the bells and drums, and then it can be called music? Speaking and practicing is rite. Acting and enjoying it is music. A gentleman strives for these two things and stands facing south, and this is how the world is peaceful. When the princes came to court, all things were in obedience, and all officials dared not to serve. Where ritual flourishes, the people are governed; where ritual is abolished, the people are in chaos. In a room with a clever eye, there is an outer corner, a seat has upper and lower parts, a car has left and right parts, a person who walks has a following, and a person who stands has an order. This is the ancient meaning. If there is no outer corner in a room, it will be in chaos. If there is no upper and lower part in a seat, it will be in chaos on the seat. If there is no left and right part in a car, it will be in chaos on the car. If there is no following person who walks, it will be in chaos on the road. If there is no order in standing, it will be in chaos in the position. In the past, the sage emperors and wise princes distinguished between the noble and the humble, the old and the young, the near and far, the male and the female, the outside and the inside, and no one dared to cross the road. They all came out from this road. "The three sons, after hearing this from the Master, were as clear as if they had just opened their eyes.

Zeng Zi asked: "Do you mourn for three years?" Confucius said: "In the three-year mourning, you should be dressed, not stand in a group, and do not travel. Gentlemen use etiquette to embellish their feelings. If you mourn for three years, isn't it empty?" Zeng Zi asked: "The officials and scholars can get rid of their private mourning, but they have the monarch's mourning clothes. How can they get rid of it?" Confucius said: "If you have the monarch's mourning clothes on your body, you dare not wear them privately. How can you get rid of them? So it is not removed after the time has passed. In the case of the king's mourning, mourning is removed before offering sacrifices, which is a ritual. Zengzi asked, "Is it okay not to remove mourning for parents?" Confucius said, "The ancient kings established rituals, and did not perform them after the time has passed, which is a ritual; it is not that they cannot do it, but they are worried that it is too much. Therefore, a gentleman does not offer sacrifices after the time has passed, which is a ritual. Zengzi asked, "When the king dies, after the funeral, if the minister has parents in mourning, what should I do?" Confucius said, "Return home and live at home. If there are important things, go to the king's place and see him off morning and evening." He said, "After the king has been buried, if the minister has parents in mourning, what should I do?" Confucius said, "Go home and cry and come back to see the king off." He said, "If the king has not buried his parents, and the minister has parents in mourning, what should I do?" Confucius said, "Go home and cry and come back to see the king off. If there are important things, go back and see him off morning and evening. For officials, the old man in the house will perform the ritual; for scholars, the descendants will perform the ritual. The wife of a great official, if there is a serious matter, should also go to the king's place, morning and night. "

The Master said, “If there is a car, you must see its rails; if there is a garment, you must see its wear; if someone talks about it, you must hear its sound; if someone walks about it, you must see its completion. The Ge Tan says, ‘If you wear it, you must shoot it.’” The Master said, “If you follow what you say, then your words cannot be embellished; if you follow what you say, then your actions cannot be embellished. Therefore, a gentleman speaks little, but walks to establish his credibility, so that the people cannot exaggerate his virtues and minimize his faults. The Book of Songs says, ‘The stain on the jade tablet can still be polished; the stain on this speech cannot be made.’ The Xiaoya says, ‘The gentleman is sincere, and the development is great.’ The Jun Shi says, ‘In the past, when the God of Heaven was in power, Zhou Tian observed the virtue of King Wen, and he gathered the great destiny in his body.’” The Master said, “The southerners have a saying, ‘If a man is not constant, he cannot be used for divination.’ Is this the saying left by the ancients? Even the tortoise shells cannot tell, let alone people? The Book of Songs says: ‘My tortoise is tired, but I still don’t tell it.’ The Book of Changes says: ‘The title is not equal to the bad virtue. The people stand up and do the right things. They are pure and offer sacrifices. This is disrespectful; things are complicated and chaotic, and serving the gods is difficult.’ The Book of Changes says: ‘If you don’t keep your virtue, you may suffer shame. If you keep your virtue, it will be auspicious for women and bad for men.’”

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最新章节：第四分身（2025-03-23）

更新时间：2025-03-23