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Popular History of Ming Dynasty

Ziyun: "Rites are used to clarify doubts and distinguish subtle things, which are used to censor the people. "Therefore, the noble and the humble have different levels, clothes are different, and there are positions in the court, so the people will give way to each other. Confucius said: "There is no two suns in the sky, no two kings on earth, no two masters in the family, and no two superiors. This shows the people that there is a difference between the monarch and the minister." The Spring and Autumn Annals does not refer to the funeral of the king of Chu and Yue, the ritual king does not refer to the sky, and the officials do not refer to the monarch, fearing that the people will be confused. The Book of Songs says: "Why don't we meet each other in the morning? I am still worried about it." Confucius said: "The king does not ride in the same car with people of the same surname, and ride in the same car with people of different surnames but wear different clothes, showing that the people do not dislike it." In this way, the people can still kill their monarch with the same surname.

Roses and Lilies

It is difficult for a legitimate branch to marry

Emperor Ming was in the West Hall, drinking with the officials. Although they were not drunk, the emperor asked, "How do the famous ministers gathered here today compare to Yao and Shun?" Zhou Boren was the Minister of State at that time, so he said in a stern voice, "Although we are the same ruler now, how can we be equal to the sage's rule!" The emperor was furious, went back inside, wrote a handwritten edict on a whole yellow paper, and gave it to the Chief Justice to collect, as he wanted to kill him. A few days later, the emperor ordered Zhou to leave and all the officials went to visit him. Zhou said: "I know now that I should not be put to death. My crime is not serious enough."

The Seven Half-Soul Guardians

The grand music director discusses the outstanding talents of the trained scholars and reports to the king, and then promotes them to the Sima, called Jinshi. The Sima discusses the talents of officials, discusses the virtuous Jinshi and reports to the king, and then decides on their opinions. After the discussion is decided, they are appointed to office, after being appointed to office, they are given titles, and after their positions are determined, they are given salaries. The officials shall be dismissed from their duties and shall not serve in the government for the rest of their lives. When they die, they shall be buried with the rites of a scholar. When there is a war, the Grand Tutor shall teach the scholars to use chariots and armor. All those who are skilled in skills and strength shall go to the four directions, bare their arms and legs, and decide on archery and charioteering. All those who are skilled in skills and serve the emperor include the historian, archer and charioteering, doctor, divination, and all kinds of craftsmen. All those who are skilled in skills and serve the emperor shall not hold two jobs, shall not transfer their positions, and shall not be ranked with scholars when they leave their hometown. Those who serve at home shall not be ranked with scholars when they leave their hometown. The Sikou shall rectify the punishment and make it clear to hear the case. He shall pierce the case three times. If there is an imperial decree but no brief, he shall not hear the case. He shall follow the lighter punishment and pardon the heavier punishment. When making the five punishments, he shall follow the heavenly judgment. The punishment shall be beautiful in the case.

Married with a baby: Girl, don't even think about escaping

No one can escape the funeral procession unless they follow the coffin and cry. In all funerals, from minor to major, no bathing is allowed unless there are auspicious signs such as the mourning clothes and the funeral rites. In the case of a funeral of a young man, after the burial, if someone asks to see the deceased, then he can see the deceased; but if no one asks to see the deceased, then he can see the deceased. In the case of a minor funeral, then he can see the deceased if he asks to see the deceased. In the case of a major funeral, then he does not need to hold the coffin. Only in the case of a parent’s funeral, one does not need to weep and see the deceased. In the case of a three-year funeral, auspicious signs are followed; in the case of a full-term funeral, one cries and follows the deceased’s funeral; in the case of a nine-month funeral, after the burial, one follows the deceased’s funeral; in the case of a minor funeral, after the funeral, one follows the deceased’s funeral. Zeng Shen asked Zeng Zi, “Is there a fixed sound for crying parents?” Zeng Zi replied, “A baby lost its mother on the way, so what fixed sound is there?” ”

Superstar

Confucius was sitting with Duke Ai, who said, “May I ask who is the most important in human nature?” Confucius looked sad and replied, “Your Majesty, when you said this, it is the virtue of the people! How dare I answer without words? In human nature, politics is the most important.” The Duke said, “May I ask what is politics?” Confucius replied, “Politics is justice. If the monarch is just, the people will follow politics. What the monarch does, the people will follow. What the monarch does not do, how can the people follow?” The Duke said, “May I ask how to govern?” Confucius replied, “Husband and wife are different, father and son are close, and monarch and minister are strict. Three If the ruler is upright, all things will follow him. "The Duke said, "Although I am not like you, I would like to hear the reason why I practice the Three Words. Can I hear it?" Confucius replied, "In ancient times, loving people was the most important thing in governing; the most important thing in governing people was courtesy; the most important thing in governing courtesy was respect; when respect is the highest, the great wedding is the greatest. The great wedding is here! When the great wedding is here, wearing a crown and welcoming the emperor in person is to be close to him. To be close to the emperor is to be close to the emperor. Therefore, a gentleman should promote respect as a way to be close to the emperor; abandoning respect is to abandon one's relatives. Without love, there is no closeness; without respect, there is no justice. Love and respect are the foundation of politics!" The Duke said, "I would like to have something to say. But wearing a crown and welcoming the emperor in person, isn't that too important?" Confucius looked sad and replied, "To unite the two families, to succeed the ancestors, to be the masters of the heaven, earth, ancestral temples, and the land, why do you say that it is too important?" The Duke said, "I am stubborn! If I am not stubborn, how can I hear such words? I want to ask, but I can't say it. Please come in a little bit!" Confucius said: "If heaven and earth are not united, all things cannot grow. The great marriage is the heir of ten thousand generations. Why do you think you are already so important?" Confucius then said: "If you govern the ancestral temple at home, you will be able to match the gods of heaven and earth; if you govern the country with the etiquette of speaking frankly, you will be able to establish respect between superiors and subordinates. Shame for things will be able to revive it, and shame for the country will be able to revive it. Governing starts with etiquette. Etiquette is the root of governance!" Confucius then said: "The governance of the wise kings of the Three Dynasties must respect their wives and children. There is a way. The wife is the master of the parents. How dare you not respect her? The son is the successor of the parents. How dare you not respect her? A gentleman respects everything, and respecting oneself is the most important. The body is the branch of the parents. How dare you not respect it? Failure to respect oneself hurts one's parents; hurting one's parents hurts the root; hurting the root, the branches will die. These three are the images of the people. One's body is as good as one's body, one's son is as good as one's son, and one's concubine is as good as one's concubine. If a king practices these three, then the world will be united. This is the way of the great king. In this way, the country will be in harmony. ”