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Urban Ghost

The Master said: "How difficult it is for a gentleman to be benevolent! The Book of Songs says: "A gentleman who is kind and respectful is the parents of the people. 'Teach him with kindness and strength; comfort him with kindness. Be happy but not wild, be kind and respectful with courtesy, be respectful with dignity, be filial and kind and respectful. Make the people respect their fathers and be close to their mothers. Only in this way can one be a parent to the people. Who else but the most virtuous can do this? Now, the father loves his son, but loves the virtuous and the incompetent; the mother loves her son, but loves the virtuous and pities the incompetent. The mother is loved but not respected; the father is respected but not loved. Water is loved but not respected; fire is respected but not loved. Earth is loved but not respected; Heaven is respected but not loved. Fate is loved but not respected; Ghosts are respected but not loved. "The Master said: "The Xia way respected fate, served ghosts, revered gods but kept them at a distance, approached people but were loyal to them, first paid salaries and then authorized power, first rewarded and then punished, loved but not respected; the people were stupid and foolish, arrogant and unsophisticated, simple and uncultured. The Yin people respected the gods and led the people to serve the gods, first ghosts and then rituals, first punished and then rewarded, respected but not loved; the people were unruly but not calm, victorious but shameless. The Zhou people respected etiquette and valued charity. They worshipped ghosts and gods but kept them at a distance, and were close to people but loyal to them. Their rewards and punishments were based on rank, and they were close but not respectful. The people were corrupt: they were greedy and cunning, cultured but not ashamed, and treacherous but blind. "The Master said: "The Xia way did not violate words, did not seek preparation, did not expect much from the people, and the people did not get tired of their relatives; the Yin people did not violate etiquette, but sought preparation from the people; the Zhou people strengthened the people, did not violate gods, but used rewards, ranks and punishments." The Master said: "The way of Yu and Xia had few complaints from the people; the way of Yin and Zhou was not as bad as it was." The Master said: "The quality of Yu and Xia, and the culture of Yin and Zhou, are the best. The culture of Yu and Xia was not as good as its quality; the quality of Yin and Zhou was not as good as its culture." The Master said: "Although there are authors in later generations, they cannot reach the level of Emperor Yu. The ruler of the world is selfless in life and does not treat his children with kindness in death. The people are like parents, with a love of fear and sorrow, and a teaching of loyalty and benefit. He is close to them and respects them, and is safe and respectful. He is powerful and loves them. He is rich and polite, and is kind and generous. His gentleman respects benevolence and fears righteousness, is ashamed to waste and neglect reality, is loyal but not offending, is righteous and obedient, is cultured and calm, and is lenient and discerning. "Fu Xing" says: "Virtue and power are powerful, and virtue and brightness are bright. "Who else but Emperor Yu can do this?" Confucius said: "Serving the ruler first supports his words, bows and offers himself, so as to make him trustworthy. Therefore, the ruler has responsibilities for his ministers, and the ministers have the responsibility to die for their words. Therefore, he does not falsely accept rewards, and he receives fewer punishments." Confucius said: "Serving the ruler, if big words come in, he hopes for big benefits, and if small words come in, he hopes for small benefits. Therefore, a gentleman does not accept big rewards for small words, nor does he accept small rewards for big words. "Yi" says: "Not eating at home is auspicious. " Confucius said: "Serving the ruler does not make it clear, does not value words, and does not do it if it is not the right person. Xiaoya said: "Be calm and upright in your position; the gods will listen to you, and you will be ashamed of yourself." Confucius said: "If you advise your lord from a distance, you are a flatterer; if you do not advise your lord from a close distance, you are a sycophant." Confucius said: "The ministers near you should guard the harmony, the ministers should rectify the hundreds of officials, and the ministers should consider the four directions." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should want to advise him but not to express your opinions. The Book of Songs says: "If the heart loves, it will not mention its flaws; if the heart hides it, how can it be forgotten?" Confucius said: "If it is difficult to advance in your lord and easy to retreat, your position will be in order; if it is easy to advance in your lord and difficult to retreat, then there will be chaos. Therefore, a gentleman bows three times before advancing and says goodbye once before retreating, so as to avoid chaos." Confucius said: "If you refuse to serve your lord three times and do not leave, then you will seek profit and fame; even if people say they don't want it, I will not believe them." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should be cautious at the beginning and respectful at the end." Confucius said: "You can be noble or humble, rich or poor, alive or dead, but you must not make it cause chaos. "The Master said, "In serving the sovereign, one should not avoid difficulties in the army or refuse humble positions in the court. If one is in a position but does not perform his duties, chaos will occur. Therefore, if the sovereign enables his ministers to achieve their goals, then he should carefully consider and follow them; if not, then he should consider carefully and follow them. To retire after the end of a task is a sign of the minister's loyalty. The Book of Changes says, 'Not serving the king or the nobles is to be noble in one's work.'" The Master said, "Only the emperor receives his mandate from heaven, and the scholars receive their mandate from the sovereign. Therefore, if the sovereign's orders are in compliance with the sovereign's orders, the ministers will obey the orders; if the sovereign's orders are in opposition to the sovereign's orders, the ministers will disobey the orders. The Book of Songs says, 'The magpie is ginger and the quail is bell-bellied; I regard people who are unscrupulous as my sovereign.'"

Two thousand years of immortality

Nongmen Yixiang: Husband, please be reserved

Xiahou Zhan finished writing the poem about Zhou and showed it to Pan Anren. Anren said: "This is not only gentle and elegant, but also shows the nature of filial piety and brotherhood." Pan then wrote the Feng poem.

Mountain and River Transport

Rebirth of a Domineering Life

Zhou Boren was a man of noble character and profound understanding of danger and chaos. After crossing the river for many years, Evergrande has been drinking. He once did not wake up for three days, and people at that time called him "Three-Day Pushe".

Nine Rebirths

There are four seasons for sacrifice: spring sacrifice is called "礿", summer sacrifice is called "禘", autumn sacrifice is called "常", and winter sacrifice is called "朕". "礿" and "禘" are yang meanings; "常" and "朕" are yin meanings. "禘" is the prosperity of yang, and "常" is the prosperity of yin. Therefore, it is said that nothing is more important than "禘" and "常". In ancient times, during the sacrifice, the officials gave out titles and clothes, which was in accordance with the righteousness of the Yang. During the harvest, the officials gave out fields and towns, and issued autumn policies, which was in accordance with the righteousness of the Yin. Therefore, it is recorded: "On the day of harvest, the public office was given out to show the reward; the moxa was used as ink; before the autumn policies were issued, the people dared not to harvest." Therefore, it is said that the righteousness of the sacrifice and the harvest is great. It is the foundation of governing a country, and it is important not to be ignorant of it. The ruler is clear about the righteousness, and the minister is capable of his duties. If the ruler is not clear about the righteousness, he is not perfect; if he is not capable of his duties, he is not perfect as a minister. Righteousness is the way to help the will, and it is the manifestation of all virtues. Therefore, those whose virtues are strong have strong wills; those whose wills are strong have clear righteousness. Those whose righteousness is clear have respect in their sacrifices. If the sacrifices are respectful, then all the descendants of the family will dare not be disrespectful. Therefore, when a gentleman sacrifices, he must personally attend; if there is a reason, he can send others. Even if he sends others, the ruler does not lose his righteousness, because the ruler understands his righteousness. Those who are of low virtue and low ambition are doubtful about the righteousness and ask for sacrifices. If they are forced to be respectful, they cannot help it. If you offer sacrifices without respect, how can you be the parents of the people? The tripod has an inscription. The inscription is a self-name. The self-name is used to praise the goodness of the ancestors and to make it clear to future generations. Those who are ancestors have both good and bad things. The meaning of the inscription is to praise the good and not the bad. This is the heart of filial sons and grandsons. Only virtuous people can do this. The inscription is to discuss the virtues and goodness of the ancestors, their merits and achievements, and to celebrate and reward their reputations throughout the world and to use them as sacrificial vessels; to make a name for oneself and to worship the ancestors. To praise the ancestors is to honor filial piety. To compare oneself with them is obedience. To show future generations clearly is teaching. The inscription is to name them once and everyone above and below will benefit from it. Therefore, when a gentleman looks at the inscription, he should not only praise what is said, but also praise what is done. Those who do it, who are clear enough to see it, kind enough to give it, and knowledgeable enough to benefit it, can be called virtuous. Virtuous but not boastful, can be called respectful. Therefore, the inscription on the tripod of Kong Kui of Wei reads: On the 19th day of the sixth month, the Duke was in the Great Temple. The Duke said: "Uncle! This is the ancestor Zhuang Shu, who was on the left and right of Cheng Gong. Cheng Gong ordered Zhuang Shu to follow the refuge in Hanyang, and then to the palace in Zong Zhou, and ran without shooting. He told the right Xiang Gong. Xiang Gong ordered Cheng Shu to inherit the ancestors' clothes. This is the father of Wen Shu, who revived the old wishes of the elders, led the celebration of the people, and personally cared for the state of Wei. He was diligent in the public family, working day and night without rest, and the people all said: "Relax!" The Duke said: "Uncle! Let me engrave for you: If you inherit, you will be respected." Kui bowed his head and said: "I praised it to avoid it, and I was diligent in the great destiny of the Ding." This is the inscription on the tripod of Kong Kui of Wei. The ancient gentlemen discussed the virtues of their ancestors and made them clear to future generations. They compared themselves to themselves and valued their country like this. The descendants who guard the ancestral temples and the altars of the land and state, if their ancestors have no merits and praise them, it is a falsehood; if they have good things but do not know them, it is not clear; if they know them but do not pass them on, it is not benevolent. These three are what gentlemen are ashamed of. In the past, Duke Zhou had made great contributions to the world. After Duke Zhou died, King Cheng and King Kang remembered the merits of Duke Zhou and wanted to honor Lu, so they gave him a heavy sacrifice. The outer sacrifice is the suburban altar; the inner sacrifice is the great sacrifice. The great sacrifice, the song "Qingmiao" is sung in the upper part, and the "Xiang" is played in the lower part; the red stems and jade qi are used to dance "Dawu"; the eight-yi dance is used to dance "Daxia"; this is the music of the emperor. Duke Kang of Zhou, therefore, gave it to Lu. The descendants inherited it and it has not been abolished until now, so as to show the virtue of Duke Zhou and honor his country.