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The Master said: "Ritual is reason; music is moderation. A gentleman does not move without reason, and does not act without moderation. If he cannot read poetry, he is wrong in etiquette; if he cannot play music, he is simple in etiquette; if he is weak in virtue, he is empty in etiquette. "The Master said, "The system is in the rites, the culture is in the rites, and the practice is up to the people!" Zigong crossed the table and replied, "May I ask: Is Kui poor?" The Master said, "Ancient people? Ancient people. Those who are good at rites but not music are called simple; those who are good at music but not rites are called partial. Kui was good at music but not rites, so he passed down this name. He was an ancient person."
Confucian scholars do not treasure gold and jade, but loyalty and faithfulness; they do not pray for land, and establish righteousness as Land; do not pray for more accumulation, but be rich in culture. It is hard to get but easy to get money, easy to get money but hard to keep. If it is not the right time, is it not hard to get? If it is not right, is it not hard to keep? If you work hard first and then get money, is it not easy to get money? There are such people in his neighborhood.
Zeng Zi fell ill in bed. Music director Zichun sat under the bed, Zeng Yuan and Zeng Shen sat at his feet, and a boy sat in the corner holding a candle. The boy said, "It's bright and clear, is it the coffin of the senior official?" Zichun said, "Stop!" Zengzi heard it and said in a daze, "Huh!" He said, "It's bright and clear, is it the coffin of the senior official?" Zengzi said, "Yes, it was given by Jisun, I can't change it. Yuan, get up and change the coffin." Zeng Yuan said, "Master's illness has worsened, it can't be changed. Fortunately, it's still here in the morning, please change it respectfully." Zengzi said, "Your love for me is not as good as his. A gentleman loves people with virtue, while a mean person loves people with tolerance. What do I want? I can die properly, that's all." He lifted him up and changed it. He turned the mat and died before he could settle down.
Therefore, the teaching of ritual is subtle, and it can stop evil before it takes shape, making people move towards good and stay away from crimes without knowing it. That is why the ancient kings respected it. The Book of Changes says: "A gentleman should be cautious at the beginning, and the error of a millimeter will lead to a thousand miles." This is what it means.
If there is a minister who is completely incompetent and has no other skills, and whose heart is at ease, how can he tolerate it? If someone has skills, he will treat them as if they were his own; if someone is a wise man, he will like them in his heart, as if they were coming out of his mouth. If he can really tolerate them, he can protect his descendants and the people, and it is still beneficial! If someone has skills, he will be jealous and hate them; if someone is a wise man, he will oppose them and make them unacceptable: If he can really not tolerate them, he will not be able to protect his descendants and the people, and it is also dangerous! "Only benevolent people can exile them and drive them to the four barbarians, and not let them live with China. This means that only benevolent people can love people and hate people. Seeing the virtuous but not being able to promote them, promoting them but not being able to lead them, is fate; seeing the evil but not being able to retreat, retreating but not being able to stay away, is a mistake. To like what people hate and to hate what people like is to go against people's nature, and the harm will surely come to oneself. Therefore, a gentleman has a great way, and he must be loyal and faithful to gain it, and arrogant and complacent to lose it.
Offering sacrifices and offering wine are respectful etiquette. Eating lungs is a ritual. Spitting wine is a ritual. At the end of the feast, it means that this is the main part of the feast, not just for eating and drinking, but for performing rituals. This is why rituals are valued and money is despised. After the cup is finished, it is placed on the west steps, which means that the feast is not just for eating and drinking. This is the meaning of putting rituals first and money second. If rituals are put first and money second, people will be respectful and yield without fighting.
Xie Taifu said to Anbei: "Seeing him does not make people feel disgusted, but when he leaves the house, he no longer makes people miss him."
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