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The Master said: "Ritual is reason; music is moderation. A gentleman does not move without reason, and does not act without moderation. If he cannot read poetry, he is wrong in etiquette; if he cannot play music, he is simple in etiquette; if he is weak in virtue, he is empty in etiquette. "The Master said, "The system is in the rites, the culture is in the rites, and the practice is up to the people!" Zigong crossed the table and replied, "May I ask: Is Kui poor?" The Master said, "Ancient people? Ancient people. Those who are good at rites but not music are called simple; those who are good at music but not rites are called partial. Kui was good at music but not rites, so he passed down this name. He was an ancient person."
Xie Cheqi asked Xie Gong: "If a person is really aloof, why is he so important?" He replied: "It is because he does not see it! Seeing Zi Jing still makes people unable to stop."
The head of the Kyushu island enters the emperor's country and is called Mu. Those with the same surname as the emperor are called uncles; those with different surnames are called uncles; they are called marquises in other places; they are called lords in their own countries. Those in the East Yi, North Di, West Rong, and South Man, although they are big, are called sons. In the inner court, he called himself "Bu Gu", and in the outer court, he called himself "Wang Lao". When the common people and minor dukes entered the emperor's country, they called themselves "so-and-so", and in the outer court, they called themselves "son", and they called themselves "gu". When the emperor should stand up, the dukes faced north to meet the emperor, which was called "Jin". When the emperor should stand up, the dukes faced east and the dukes faced west, which was called "chao".
King Jiong of Qi was the Grand Marshal assisting in the administration, and Ji Shao was the Palace Attendant, who went to Jiong to consult on matters. Jiong set up a meeting of ministers and summoned Ge Yi, Dong Ai and others to discuss current affairs. Yi and others said to Jiong: "Minister Ji is good at playing stringed instruments. You can ask him to play it." So they sent the musical instruments. Shao Tui refused. Jiong said, "We are all happy today, why are you resisting?" Shao said, "You have assisted the royal family and made them do things in an exemplary manner. Although Shao is a low-ranking official, his duties are equivalent to those of an ordinary official. Playing silk and bamboo is the job of a musician. It cannot be dressed according to the rules of the previous kings, which is the occupation of the people of Wu. Now that I am forced to accept the emperor's order, I dare not refuse. I should put down my crown and wear private clothes. This is what Shao wants." Yu and others were dissatisfied and left.
Mr. Xi lived during the Yongjia Rebellion, and his hometown was very poor and hungry. The villagers praised his virtue and shared the feast with him. The Duke often brought his brother's son Mai and his aunt's two younger sons Zhou Yi to eat there. The villagers said, "We are all hungry and in need. Since you are a wise man, we want to help you. But we are afraid that we cannot save enough for both of us." So the Duke went to eat alone, and he always put rice on his cheeks and spit it out to his two children. Later they both survived and crossed the river together. After Duke Xi died, Yi was appointed as the county magistrate of Shan. After resigning from his post, he returned home and laid straw at the head of Duke Xi's bed, mourning for the whole three years.
When Sun Chuo first wrote Fu Suichu, he built a house by the ditches and rivers, and said that he saw the point of stopping only when he was satisfied. There is a pine tree planted in front of the room, why do I need to dam it myself? Gao Shiyuan was also a neighbor at the time. He said to Sun: "The pine tree is indeed lovely, but it will never be of any use as a pillar of support." Sun said: "Even if the maple and willow trees can be hugged, what good are they?"
Ritual is to the right state: it is like a scale to weight, a ruler to straightness, and a compass to squareness. Therefore, if the scale is honestly hung, it cannot be deceived by the weight; if the ruler is honestly laid out, it cannot be deceived by the crookedness; if the rules are honestly set up, it cannot be deceived by the squareness and roundness; a gentleman examines the rites and cannot be accused of treachery. Therefore, those who respect the rites and follow the rites are called the gentlemen with the rules; those who do not respect the rites and do not follow the rites are called the people without the rules. It is the way of respect and yielding. Therefore, when serving the ancestral temple, one is respectful; when entering the court, the noble and the humble have their positions; when living at home, the father and son are close and the brothers are harmonious; when living in the village, the elders and the young are in order. Confucius said: "To settle the state and govern the people, nothing is better than rites." This is what he meant.
After asking the mother of Yinman's father, he was buried together in Fang. When a neighbor dies, the pounding of rice does not meet; when a village dies, people do not sing in the alley. The mourner's cap is not tied.
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