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When Confucius was at home, Zixia served him. Zixia said, "May I ask what the Book of Songs says: 'The noble and the gentleman are the parents of the people'. How can this be called the parents of the people? ”Confucius said: "The parents of the people must understand the origin of ritual and music, so as to achieve the five ultimates, and practice the three nothings, so as to be able to rule the world. If there is a defeat in the four directions, they must know it first. This is called the parents of the people. ”
Therefore, the ruler of Lu, in the first month of spring, rides on a large road, carrying a bow and a shawl; the flag has twelve tassels, the pattern of the sun and the moon; he offers sacrifice to the emperor in the suburbs, and is paired with Houji. This is the ritual of the emperor. In the sixth month of the last month of summer, he offers sacrifice to Zhou Gong in the Grand Temple with a sacrifice ceremony, using a white roe as the sacrificial animal; using a sacrificial urn like a sacrificial xiangshan lei; using a yellow-eyed urn; using a jade jar and a large gui as the pouring pot; using a jade bean carved with a bamboo basket; using a jade jar, also carved, with a bi and a bi corner; using a zhu zi as the sacrificial offering; singing "Qingmiao" as the rising song, and playing "Xiang" as the lower song; wearing a red stem and jade qi, and dancing "Dawu" with a crown; wearing a leather hat and a white pile, and dancing "Daxia" with a sash. "Mei" is the music of the Eastern Yi; "Ren" is the music of the Southern Man. Accepting the music of the Yi and Man in the Grand Temple means expanding Lu's influence over the world.
The sage kings set up sacrifices: those who apply the law to the people are sacrificed; those who die in the service of the country are sacrificed; those who work hard to stabilize the country are sacrificed; those who can resist great disasters are sacrificed; those who can defend against great disasters are sacrificed. Therefore, when Lishan ruled the world, his son was called Nong, who was able to grow hundreds of grains; when Xia declined, Zhou Qi succeeded him, so he was sacrificed as Ji. When Gonggong ruled the nine states, his son was called Hou Tu, who was able to pacify the nine states, so he was sacrificed as She. Emperor Ku was able to arrange the stars to show the people; Yao was able to reward and equalize the law and end his life with justice; Shun worked hard at many things but died in the wild. Gun was killed by floods, and Yu was able to restore Gun's achievements. Huangdi rectified the names of all things to make it clear that the people share the wealth, and Zhuanxu was able to restore it. Qi was the Minister of Education and the people were prosperous; Ming worked hard in his office and died in a flood. Tang ruled the people with leniency and eliminated their cruelty; King Wen ruled with civility, and King Wu ruled with military merits to eliminate the people's disasters. These are all those who have made great contributions to the people. The sun, moon, and stars are what the people look up to; the mountains, forests, rivers, valleys, and hills are what the people use as materials. They are not of this clan and are not included in the sacrificial rites.
Therefore, only after the behaviors of filial piety, brotherhood, loyalty and obedience are established, can one be a man; only after being a man can one govern others. Therefore, the sage kings valued etiquette. Therefore, it is said that the cap is the beginning of etiquette and the most important thing for good things. Therefore, the ancients valued the cap; the cap was performed in the temple; the temple was performed to respect things; respect things and dare not take the initiative to do things; do not take the initiative to do things, so they humble themselves and respect the ancestors.
Wang Lantian is impatient. Once when he was eating an egg, he tried to poke it with chopsticks, but failed. He became very angry and threw the egg to the ground. The egg was still spinning on the ground, so he went down to the ground and tried to step on it with the teeth of his clogs, but still couldn't catch it. He became very angry, so he took it from the ground and put it in his mouth, bit it into pieces, and then spat it out. Wang Youjun heard this and laughed loudly, saying: "Even if Anqi had such a character, there would still be no one to criticize him, let alone Lantian?"
The Master said: "Everyone says I know, but they are driven into the traps and snares, and no one knows how to avoid them. Everyone says I know, but they choose the moderate, but they cannot keep it for a month."
Before the Duke of Haixi was deposed, Wang Yuanlin asked Huan Yuanzi, "Ji Zi and Bi Gan have different deeds but the same heart. I wonder who is right and who is wrong, you sir?" He replied, "The reputation of benevolence is the same. I would rather be like Guan Zhong."
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