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A warm marriage

The Master said: "How difficult it is for a gentleman to be benevolent! The Book of Songs says: "A gentleman who is kind and respectful is the parents of the people. 'Teach him with kindness and strength; comfort him with kindness. Be happy but not wild, be kind and respectful with courtesy, be respectful with dignity, be filial and kind and respectful. Make the people respect their fathers and be close to their mothers. Only in this way can one be a parent to the people. Who else but the most virtuous can do this? Now, the father loves his son, but loves the virtuous and the incompetent; the mother loves her son, but loves the virtuous and pities the incompetent. The mother is loved but not respected; the father is respected but not loved. Water is loved but not respected; fire is respected but not loved. Earth is loved but not respected; Heaven is respected but not loved. Fate is loved but not respected; Ghosts are respected but not loved. "The Master said: "The Xia way respected fate, served ghosts, revered gods but kept them at a distance, approached people but were loyal to them, first paid salaries and then authorized power, first rewarded and then punished, loved but not respected; the people were stupid and foolish, arrogant and unsophisticated, simple and uncultured. The Yin people respected the gods and led the people to serve the gods, first ghosts and then rituals, first punished and then rewarded, respected but not loved; the people were unruly but not calm, victorious but shameless. The Zhou people respected etiquette and valued charity. They worshipped ghosts and gods but kept them at a distance, and were close to people but loyal to them. Their rewards and punishments were based on rank, and they were close but not respectful. The people were corrupt: they were greedy and cunning, cultured but not ashamed, and treacherous but blind. "The Master said: "The Xia way did not violate words, did not seek preparation, did not expect much from the people, and the people did not get tired of their relatives; the Yin people did not violate etiquette, but sought preparation from the people; the Zhou people strengthened the people, did not violate gods, but used rewards, ranks and punishments." The Master said: "The way of Yu and Xia had few complaints from the people; the way of Yin and Zhou was not as bad as it was." The Master said: "The quality of Yu and Xia, and the culture of Yin and Zhou, are the best. The culture of Yu and Xia was not as good as its quality; the quality of Yin and Zhou was not as good as its culture." The Master said: "Although there are authors in later generations, they cannot reach the level of Emperor Yu. The ruler of the world is selfless in life and does not treat his children with kindness in death. The people are like parents, with a love of fear and sorrow, and a teaching of loyalty and benefit. He is close to them and respects them, and is safe and respectful. He is powerful and loves them. He is rich and polite, and is kind and generous. His gentleman respects benevolence and fears righteousness, is ashamed to waste and neglect reality, is loyal but not offending, is righteous and obedient, is cultured and calm, and is lenient and discerning. "Fu Xing" says: "Virtue and power are powerful, and virtue and brightness are bright. "Who else but Emperor Yu can do this?" Confucius said: "Serving the ruler first supports his words, bows and offers himself, so as to make him trustworthy. Therefore, the ruler has responsibilities for his ministers, and the ministers have the responsibility to die for their words. Therefore, he does not falsely accept rewards, and he receives fewer punishments." Confucius said: "Serving the ruler, if big words come in, he hopes for big benefits, and if small words come in, he hopes for small benefits. Therefore, a gentleman does not accept big rewards for small words, nor does he accept small rewards for big words. "Yi" says: "Not eating at home is auspicious. " Confucius said: "Serving the ruler does not make it clear, does not value words, and does not do it if it is not the right person. Xiaoya said: "Be calm and upright in your position; the gods will listen to you, and you will be ashamed of yourself." Confucius said: "If you advise your lord from a distance, you are a flatterer; if you do not advise your lord from a close distance, you are a sycophant." Confucius said: "The ministers near you should guard the harmony, the ministers should rectify the hundreds of officials, and the ministers should consider the four directions." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should want to advise him but not to express your opinions. The Book of Songs says: "If the heart loves, it will not mention its flaws; if the heart hides it, how can it be forgotten?" Confucius said: "If it is difficult to advance in your lord and easy to retreat, your position will be in order; if it is easy to advance in your lord and difficult to retreat, then there will be chaos. Therefore, a gentleman bows three times before advancing and says goodbye once before retreating, so as to avoid chaos." Confucius said: "If you refuse to serve your lord three times and do not leave, then you will seek profit and fame; even if people say they don't want it, I will not believe them." Confucius said: "When you serve your lord, you should be cautious at the beginning and respectful at the end." Confucius said: "You can be noble or humble, rich or poor, alive or dead, but you must not make it cause chaos. "The Master said, "In serving the sovereign, one should not avoid difficulties in the army or refuse humble positions in the court. If one is in a position but does not perform his duties, chaos will occur. Therefore, if the sovereign enables his ministers to achieve their goals, then he should carefully consider and follow them; if not, then he should consider carefully and follow them. To retire after the end of a task is a sign of the minister's loyalty. The Book of Changes says, 'Not serving the king or the nobles is to be noble in one's work.'" The Master said, "Only the emperor receives his mandate from heaven, and the scholars receive their mandate from the sovereign. Therefore, if the sovereign's orders are in compliance with the sovereign's orders, the ministers will obey the orders; if the sovereign's orders are in opposition to the sovereign's orders, the ministers will disobey the orders. The Book of Songs says, 'The magpie is ginger and the quail is bell-bellied; I regard people who are unscrupulous as my sovereign.'"

Bidirectional

Gan Bao recounted his "Soushen Ji" to Liu Zhen at length, and Liu said, "You can be called the Dong Hu of ghosts."

The peerless singer Gongsun Li

The Master said, "Go back! A gentleman is concealed yet visible; he is not pretentious yet dignified; he is not harsh yet powerful; he does not speak but is trustworthy." The Master said, "A gentleman does not misstep with others, does not mismatch with others, does not mislead with others. Hence, a gentleman's appearance is enough to be feared, his expression is enough to be feared, and his words are enough to be trusted. It is said in Fu Xing, 'Be respectful and cautious, and do not choose what to say.'" The Master said, "The reason why the clothes and the clothes do not follow each other is that we want the people not to offend each other." The Master said, "When offering sacrifices with utmost respect, do not follow them with music; when attending the morning with utmost argument, do not follow them with fatigue." The Master said, "A gentleman is cautious so as to avoid calamity, is sincere so as not to cover up, and is respectful so as to avoid shame." The Master said, "When a gentleman is solemn and respectful, he becomes stronger day by day; when he is idle and careless, he becomes more lazy day by day. A gentleman does not spend a day busying himself, as if it were not the whole day." The Master said, "Be cautious in serving ghosts and gods, and choose a day and a month to meet the king, for fear that the people will not respect him." The Master said, "If you insult me, you will not be afraid of death." The Master said, "No words are not spoken, no manners are not to see each other; to wish that the people would not disrespect each other. The Book of Changes says: ‘The first divination is reported, the second and third divinations are reported, and if it is disrespected, then it is not reported.’”

Mr. Ye and Ms. Yi

When Huan Xuanwu was the governor of Xuzhou, Xie Yi was the governor of Jinling. First, you should have a rough experience of being open-minded, and then you will find nothing unusual. When Huan returned to Jingzhou and was about to go west, he was in high spirits and Yi did not doubt him. Only thanks to Hu Zi and his wife Wang for understanding his meaning. Always said: "Huan Jingzhou has ulterior motives. He will definitely go west with Jinling!" Then he appointed Yi as Sima. After Yi came up, he still pushed forward his friendship with common people. Sitting in Wen, with his head bowed, whistling and chanting, there was nothing unusual about the day. Xuanwu always said, "I am the Sima of the outer region." Then he drank too much and neglected the morning and evening etiquette. When Huanshe entered the house, Yi immediately followed him. Later, when Yi was drunk, Wen went to the master and asked him to avoid him. The Lord said, "Without the mad Sima, how could I meet him?"

Love Becomes a Devil

Inkstone Edge

, the Xiahou clan valued rank and seniority, the Yin people valued wealth and seniority, and the Zhou people valued relatives and seniority. The Yu, Xia, Yin and Zhou dynasties were the most prosperous kings in the world, and there was no one who neglected his age. Age is the most important thing in the world; it is second only to serving one’s parents. Therefore, when the court has the same rank, seniority is valued. When a man is seventy, he cane him in the court, and when the king asks him, he sits down. When a man is eighty, he does not wait for the court, but when the king asks him, he goes to the court. When walking, he does not walk side by side, but follows him if he is not wrong. When seeing an old man, the cart drivers will make way for him; the gray-haired man does not walk on the road by his position, but the younger brother can reach the road. In the countryside, seniority is used, and the old and the poor are not left behind, the strong do not bully the weak, and the majority do not oppress the minority, and the younger brother can reach the alleys of the state. In the ancient way, people at the age of fifty were not forced to work in the fields, and they were given gifts to honor the elders, and the younger brother could be used to hunt. In the army, seniority is valued for the same rank, and the younger brother can reach the army. Filial piety and brotherhood are spread throughout the court, on the roads, in the alleys of the prefectures, in the hunting grounds, and in the army. The people die for the sake of righteousness, and dare not violate it.