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When Confucius was at home, Zixia served him. Zixia said, "May I ask what the Book of Songs says: 'The noble and the gentleman are the parents of the people'. How can this be called the parents of the people? ”Confucius said: "The parents of the people must understand the origin of ritual and music, so as to achieve the five ultimates, and practice the three nothings, so as to be able to rule the world. If there is a defeat in the four directions, they must know it first. This is called the parents of the people. ”
In this month, the emperor ordered the musicians to repair the drums, harps, zithers, flutes, pipes, and flutes, to play the halberds, spears, spears, and feathers, to tune the 竽, 笙, 篧, and 韷镔. He ordered the officials to pray to the mountains, rivers, and springs for the people, and to perform the Great Rain God with great music. He ordered all the counties to perform the Rain God and all the ministers who were beneficial to the people, to pray for a good harvest. The farmers harvested millet.
When granting titles, the Zhao is one and the Mu is one. The Zhao and the Zhao are of the same rank, and the Mu and the Mu are of the same rank. All officials are based on their rank. This is called the order of seniority. In sacrifices, there are people who give gifts to the brilliant and the humble, which is the way to benevolent to the lower. Only a virtuous ruler can do this, with enough wisdom to see it and enough benevolence to give it. "Bi" means "give", and it means to give the rest to those below. Hui is the lowest among the armor officials; Bao is the lowest among the meat officials; Zhai is the lowest among the music officials; and Yan is the lowest among the gatekeepers. In ancient times, criminals were not allowed to guard the gates. These four guards were the lowest among the officials. The corpse is also the most honorable; the most honorable is the last of the sacrifices, but the lowest is not forgotten, and the rest is given to it. Therefore, when a wise ruler is in power, the people in the country will not be cold and hungry. This is called the connection between the upper and the lower.
Ziyun: "The etiquette of the guest always advances to show respect, and the funeral etiquette always adds distance." Bathing in the middle stream, eating under the window, small burial inside the door, large burial on the east side, funeral in the guest seat, ancestral worship in the courtyard, burial in the tomb, so as to show distance. The Yin people mourned at the grave, and the Zhou people mourned at home, showing that the people were not rebellious. Ziyun: "Death is the final service of the people, I follow Zhou." Because of this, there are still princes who died without burial. Ziyun: "Ascending from the guest steps, receiving condolences at the guest seat, teaching the people to pursue filial piety." Not calling the king before the death shows that the people are not quarrelsome. Therefore, the "Spring and Autumn Annals" of Lu recorded the funeral of Jin and said: "Kill the son of the king Xiqi and his king Zhuo." Because of this, there are still sons who kill their fathers.
Diseases, both inside and outside are swept. The king and the officials clean the county, and the scholars put away the zither. Sleeping in the east under the north window. Abandon the bed. Take off the undergarments, put on new clothes, and dress one person. Men and women change clothes. Put on the cotton wool and wait for the body to die. Men do not die at the hands of women, and women do not die at the hands of men. If the wife of a lord dies in the road bedroom, the wife of a senior official dies in the bedroom, and if the wife of a concubine does not order, she dies in the lower room. Move the body to the bedroom, and the wives of scholars all die in the bedroom.
The ruler rolls up his crown and stands on the east side, while his wife stands in the room with a double-breasted robe. The ruler bares his body to welcome the sacrificial animal at the door; his wife offers a bean basket. The ministers and the great officials praise the king, and the women of the court praise the wives: each of them promotes his duties. When all officials are dismissed from their duties and serve severe punishments, the whole country will be greatly subdued. Therefore, the summer sacrifice, autumn tasting, winter sacrifice, spring festival, autumn review and the big wax are the emperor's sacrifices.
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