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The Master said: "What is etiquette? It is the management of affairs. The gentleman has his affairs, and he must manage them. To govern the country without etiquette is like a blind man without friends. What can the entourage do? It is like someone who seeks in a dark room all night, how can he see without a candle? If there is no etiquette, then the hands and feet will not be able to move, the ears and eyes will not be able to add, and the advance and retreat, bowing and yielding will not be controlled. Therefore, if it is used in the residence, the elder and the younger will lose their distinction; the boudoir and the three clans will lose their harmony; the court and the official titles will lose their order; hunting and military affairs will lose their strategies; the army and military achievements will lose their rules; the palace will lose its measure; the tripod will lose its image; the food will lose its time; the music will lose its mode; the car will lose its style; the ghosts and gods will lose their feast; the funeral will lose its sorrow; the debate will lose its party; the official will lose its form; the government affairs will lose its implementation; it will be imposed on the body and mishandled in front, and all the actions of the crowd will lose their appropriateness. In this way, there is no way to reconcile with the crowd. ”
After Huan Xuan usurped the throne, he was about to set up a direct office and asked his attendants, "Where should the Huben Zhonglang Office be located?" Someone answered, "There is no office." This was extremely against the emperor's will at the time. I asked, "How do you know there is none?" He answered, "Pan Yue wrote in his Autumn Poem, 'I am also the General of the Tiger Guards, and I am in charge of the Ministry of Cavalry.' Xuan Zi praised it.
The Master said, “When the lower orders the higher, they do not follow what the higher orders, but what the higher does. If the higher likes something, the lower will certainly be more aggressive. Therefore, one must be careful about what the higher likes and dislikes, because it is the model of the people. ”The Master said, “Yu was in office for three years, and the people followed him with benevolence. Does that mean he must be completely benevolent? The Book of Songs says, ‘The great Master Yin, the people all look up to you.’ The Book of Fu Xing says, ‘One man has a blessing, and millions of people rely on him.’ The Daya says, ‘The king’s trust is the model of the lower land.’”The Master said, “When the higher likes benevolence, the lower will compete to be the first to be benevolent. Therefore, the ruler of the people should show his will, teach the truth, and respect benevolence, so that he can love the people; the people will act in accordance with their own behavior to please his superior. The Book of Songs says, ‘There are shackles and virtues, and the four countries will obey him.’”
Zilu asked about strength, and the Master said: "Is it the strength of the South? Is it the strength of the North? Is it the strength of suppression? To teach with kindness and gentleness, and not to retaliate against the unrighteous, is the strength of the South, and the gentleman lives in it. Wearing armor and not being tired of dying, is the strength of the North, and the strong live in it. Therefore, the gentleman is harmonious but not swayed, how strong and correct! To stand in the middle but not lean, how strong and correct! If the country has the way, do not change and block it, how strong and correct! If the country has no way, do not change until death, how strong and correct! "
The funeral of the deceased below the standard of mourning is not allowed: first go to the tomb, face west and cry out loud, remove the hemp cloth, face east, take the throne, cry and dance with the host, and then take the throne. If there is a guest, the host will bow to the guest and see him off; if there is a guest who arrives later, the host will bow to him as before. The attendant will tell them that the matter is over. Then he will wear a crown and go home, enter the door on the left, face north and cry out loud, remove the hemp cloth, then take the throne in the east, bow to the guest and dance. When the guest leaves, the host will bow to see him off. After crying again, the host will not bare the hemp cloth, then dance; after crying for the third time, the host will not bare the hemp cloth, then dance. After three days, the mourning period will be completed, and after crying for the fifth time, The lord of the house reported that the matter was completed.
Wake up early, the woman bathes and waits for the meeting; at dawn, the husband helps the woman to meet the uncle and aunt, holds a basket, dates, chestnuts, and cuts to meet, helps the woman to offer wine, and the woman offers dried meat and salted meat, and offers wine, which completes the woman's etiquette. When the uncle and aunt enter the room, the woman offers a special pig to show that the woman is obedient. At dawn, the uncle and aunt The women are feasted together with a ceremony of offering sacrifices and offerings. The uncles and aunts first descend from the west steps, and the women descend from the east steps, to show their generation.
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