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Thang Long World

Then why is it three years? Answer: The closest relatives are separated by a period. Why is that? Answer: The heaven and earth have changed, the four seasons have changed, and everything in the heaven and earth has been renewed, so it is a symbol. Then why is it three years? Answer: It is to add more, so why double it, so it is a double period. Why is it from September to below? Answer: Why not make it less than that. Therefore, three years is a period of mourning, a small mourning is a period of mourning, and a period of nine months is a period of mourning. Take the image from the sky above, the law from the earth below, and the example from people in the middle, and the principle of human beings living together and in harmony is complete. Therefore, the three-year mourning is the most elegant of human nature, and this is called the most solemn. This is the same for all kings, and the same for ancient and modern times, but no one knows where it comes from. Confucius said: "After three years of life, one can escape from the embrace of parents; the three-year mourning is the most common mourning in the world."

Memoirs of the Post-1950s

In the past, Confucius and the wax guests were together. After the event, they went out to the pavilion and sighed. Confucius sighed, probably sighing for Lu. Yan Yan, who was standing by, said: "Why do you sigh, gentleman?" Confucius said: "The practice of the great way, with the heroes of the three dynasties, I have not yet reached them, but I have the ambition to do so." The practice of the great way makes the world public. Select the virtuous and the capable, talk about trust and cultivate harmony, so that people not only love their relatives and their children, but also make sure that the old have a place to live, the strong have a place to work, the young have a place to grow, and the widowed, lonely, disabled and sick are all taken care of. Men have their share, and women have their home. Goods are not worth throwing away, so they don't have to keep them for themselves; strength is not worth using, so it doesn't have to be used for oneself. Therefore, plots are closed and not raised, thefts and riots are not committed, and the outer doors are not closed. This is called the Great Harmony. Now that the great way is hidden, the world is like a family. Everyone loves his relatives and his children. He uses his goods and strength for himself. The great people follow the etiquette of the generations. The city walls, ditches and ponds are used as a defense, and the etiquette and righteousness are used as a discipline; to correct the relationship between the ruler and the minister, to be loyal to the father and son, to be harmonious with the brothers, to be harmonious with the husband and wife, to establish the system, to establish the fields, to be virtuous, brave and knowledgeable, and to take credit for one's achievements. Therefore, plots are made from this, and wars are raised from this. Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, King Cheng, and Duke Zhou were selected from this. There is no one among these six gentlemen who does not observe etiquette. To show the righteousness, to test the trustworthiness, to show the faults, to punish the kind and to encourage the yielding, to show the people that there is a constant. If there are those who do not follow this, those in power will leave, and the people will think it is a disaster. This is called the well-off society. Yan Yan asked again, "Is this why etiquette is so urgent?" Confucius said, "Etiquette is what the ancient kings used to follow the way of heaven and to govern people's emotions. Therefore, those who lose it die, and those who obtain it live. The Book of Songs says, 'The mouse has a body, but man is without etiquette; if man is without etiquette, why don't he die quickly?' Therefore, etiquette must be based on heaven, rubbed on earth, listed in ghosts and gods, and applied to funerals, sacrifices, archery, weddings, and marriages. Therefore, the sages showed it with etiquette, so that the world and the country can be rectified." Yan Yan asked again, "Master, what you said about rituals, can I hear them?" Confucius said, "I wanted to observe the way of Xia, so I went to Qi, but it was not enough to prove it; I got the time of Xia there. I wanted to observe the way of Yin, so I went to Song, but it was not enough to prove it; I got Kun and Gan there. The meaning of Kun and Gan, the same as the time of Xia, I observe it in this way." At the beginning of rituals, they started with food and drink. They burned millet and ate pork, stained the cups and drank from them, beat drums with sticks, as if they could show respect to ghosts and gods. When they died, they climbed up the roof and cried, saying, "Gao! So-and-so is back." Then they ate fishy food and ate sorghum. Therefore, when the sky looks up and the earth hides, the body and soul descend, and the spirit is above. Therefore, the dead head north and the living face south, all in accordance with the beginning. In the past, the ancient kings did not have palaces. In winter, they lived in caves and in summer, they lived in nests. Before the invention of fire, people ate the fruits of plants and trees, the flesh of birds and beasts, drank their blood, and ate their fur. Before there was hemp and silk, people wore feathers and skins. Later, when sages came into being, they improved the benefits of fire, molded gold and mixed earth to build terraces, palaces, windows and doors, and used them for cannon fire, burning, roasting and roasting to make sweet and cheese; processed hemp and silk to make cloth, to nourish the body and send off the dead, to serve ghosts, gods and God, all in accordance with the beginning of the year. Therefore, dark wine is in the room, sweet wine is in the door, rice and milk are in the hall, and clear wine is in the room. They display their sacrifices, prepare their tripods and sacrificial vessels, arrange their zithers, pipes, chimes, bells and drums, and perform their prayers to bring down the gods and ancestors. This is to rectify the relationship between the ruler and the minister, to strengthen the father and son, to reconcile brothers, to make the upper and lower equal, and to make husband and wife have something. This is called receiving the blessing from heaven. Make a prayer, offer dark wine as sacrifice, offer blood and hair, smear the sacrificial table, prepare the meat, and place the feast on the table. Use thin cloth to cover the table, cover the washed silk, offer wine and wine, offer roasted meat, and the king and his wife offer sacrifices to cheer the souls. This is called Hemo. Then retreat and Heheng, and feel the dogs, pigs, cattle and sheep, and fill the food containers, dishes, and soups. Pray with filial piety and sing with kindness. This is called Daxiang. This is the great achievement of ritual.

Nothing to do but practice

All sounds arise from the human heart. The movement of the human heart is caused by things. It is moved by things, so it is shaped in sound. When sounds respond to each other, they change; when they change into squares, they are called music; when sounds are compared and they are enjoyed, such as with the use of halberds, shields, feathers and pennants, they are called music. Music is the origin of sound; its root lies in the human heart's feeling of things. Therefore, when the heart is moved by sorrow, the sound is sad and killing. When the heart is moved by joy, the sound is biting and slow. When the heart is moved by joy, the sound is spreading and dispersing. When the heart is moved by anger, the sound is rough and harsh. When the heart is moved by respect, the sound is straight and honest. When the heart is moved by love, the sound is harmonious and gentle. The six are not innate, but are moved by things before they are moved. Therefore, the ancient kings were careful about what they were moved by. Therefore, rites were used to guide people's aspirations, music was used to harmonize their sounds, politics was used to unify their actions, and punishments were used to prevent their treachery. Rites, music, punishments and politics have the same ultimate; they are used to unify the hearts of the people and to create the way of governance. All sounds are what give rise to the human heart. Emotions move in the heart, so they are expressed in sounds. When sounds become texts, they are called music. Therefore, the music of a well-governed country is peaceful and joyful, and its politics is harmonious. The music of a chaotic country is resentful and angry, and its politics is perverse. The music of a ruined country is sad and thoughtful, and its people are in distress. The way of music is connected with politics. Gong represents the ruler, Shang represents the ministers, Jiao represents the people, Zheng represents the affairs, and Yu represents things. If the five are not in disorder, there will be no music of humiliation. When Gong is in disorder, there will be desolation, and the ruler will be arrogant. When Shang is in disorder, there will be dystopia, and the officials will be corrupt. When Jiao is in disorder, there will be worry, and the people will be resentful. When Zheng is in disorder, there will be sorrow, and the affairs will be diligent. When Yu is in disorder, there will be danger, and the money will be scarce. When the five are in disorder, and they bully each other, it is called slowness. If this happens, the country will be destroyed soon. The music of Zheng and Wei is the music of a chaotic country, which is comparable to slowness. The music of Sangjian and Pushang is the music of a ruined country, and its politics is scattered, its people are wandering, and they accuse the ruler of selfishness and cannot be stopped. All music is born from the human heart. Music is the communication of ethics. Therefore, those who know sound but not music are animals; those who know music but not music are the common people. Only the gentleman can know music. Therefore, if you examine sound, you can know music; if you examine music, you can know politics, and then the way of governance will be complete. Therefore, those who do not know sound cannot talk about music; those who do not know music cannot talk about music. Knowing music means that you are close to etiquette. If you are good at both etiquette and music, you are called virtuous. Virtue is good. Therefore, the grandeur of music is not to extreme music. The etiquette of feasting is not to taste. The zither in the Qing Temple has red strings and sparse Yue, one song and three sighs, which have lost the sound. The ceremony of the grand feast, the dark wine is preferred and the fish is fishy, ​​the soup is not harmonious, which has lost the taste. Therefore, the ancient kings established etiquette and music not to extreme the desires of the mouth, the ears and the eyes, but to teach the people to balance likes and dislikes and return to the right way of humanity. People are born quiet, which is the nature of heaven; they are moved by things, which is the desire of nature. When things come to know, then likes and dislikes take shape. If likes and dislikes are not controlled within, and knowledge is lured from the outside, and one cannot reflect on oneself, then the principles of nature will be destroyed. Things can affect people endlessly, but people's likes and dislikes are uncontrolled, then when things come, people will become things. People who become things are those who destroy the principles of nature and reduce people's desires. Then there will be rebellious and deceitful hearts, and there will be lewd and rebellious things. Therefore, the strong bully the weak, the majority bully the few, the wise deceive the foolish, the brave suffer and are timid, the sick are not taken care of, and the old and the young are lonely and have no place to go. This is the way to great chaos. Therefore, the ancient kings established rituals and music, and people regulated them; mourning clothes and weeping were used to regulate funerals; bells, drums, and halberds were used to harmonize and make people happy; the wedding and marriage ceremony were used to distinguish between men and women; archery and feasting were used to regulate intercourse. Rituals regulate the hearts of the people, and music harmonizes the voices of the people. Politics implements them, and punishments prevent them. Rituals, music, punishments, and politics are spread everywhere without contradiction, and then the kingly way is complete. Music is the same, and rituals are different. If they are the same, they will love each other; if they are different, they will respect each other. If music prevails, they will flow together; if ritual prevails, they will separate. To match feelings and decorate appearances is the business of ritual and music. When ritual and righteousness are established, the noble and the humble are equal; when music and culture are the same, the upper and the lower are harmonious; when likes and dislikes are clear, the virtuous and the unworthy are distinguished. Punish violence, and give titles to the virtuous, and the government will be balanced. Love them with benevolence, and correct them with righteousness. In this way, the people will be governed. Music comes from within, and ritual comes from without. Music comes from within, so it is quiet; ritual comes from without, so it is elegant. Great music must be simple, and great ritual must be simple. When music comes, there is no resentment; when ritual comes, there is no dispute. To rule the world with courtesy and yielding is what ritual and music are. There will be no violence, the princes will be submissive, there will be no war, the five punishments will not be used, the people will not be in trouble, and the emperor will not be angry. In this way, music will be achieved. The relationship between father and son will be unified, the order of the old and the young will be clear, and the emperor will be respected throughout the world. In this way, ritual will be practiced. Great music is in harmony with heaven and earth, and great ritual is in harmony with heaven and earth. Because of harmony, all things are not lost; because of moderation, heaven and earth are worshipped; in the light, there are rituals and music; in the dark, there are ghosts and gods. In this way, all people in the four seas will respect and love each other. Rituals are different things that make people respect each other; music is different texts that make people love each other. The meaning of rituals and music is the same, so the wise kings follow them. The story is in line with the times, and the name is in line with the merit. Therefore, bells, drums, pipes, and chimes, feather flutes, and halberds are instruments of music. Bending and stretching, bowing and raising, and composing signs and slowing down are the texts of music. 簠簋翎碗, system and articles are instruments of ritual. Rising and falling, turning around and returning, and carrying clothes are the texts of ritual. Therefore, those who know the meaning of rituals and music can create, and those who know the texts of rituals and music can describe. The author is called a sage, and the narrator is called a wise; the wise sage is the one who describes and creates. Music is the harmony of heaven and earth; ritual is the order of heaven and earth. Because of harmony, all things are transformed; because of order, all things are different. Music is created by heaven, and ritual is made by earth. Over-regulation leads to chaos, over-exertion leads to violence. Only when one understands the heaven and earth can one promote rituals and music. Discussing ethics without worry is the emotion of music; being happy and loving is the function of music. Being upright and impartial is the essence of rituals, and being solemn, respectful and obedient is the regulation of rituals. If rituals and music are applied to metal and stone, and go beyond sound, and are used in ancestral temples and altars, and in matters of mountains, rivers, ghosts and gods, then this is what the people share.

The boss got involved with me after he went bankrupt

Morality, benevolence and righteousness cannot be achieved without propriety, and teaching and correcting customs cannot be achieved without propriety. When resolving disputes, do not make the decision without proper etiquette. The relationship between the ruler and his subjects, father and son, and brothers cannot be determined without propriety. When an official studies or serves a teacher, he should not be close to him without proper etiquette. When Ban Chao governs the army and takes office to enforce the law, he must act with propriety and dignity. Praying to temples and offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods are not polite, sincere or solemn. Therefore, a gentleman is respectful, frugal, and yielding in order to show courtesy. Parrots can speak, but they are still birds; orangutans can speak, but they are still animals. People nowadays are rude, even if they can speak, don’t they have the heart of beasts? Only animals are so undisciplined that fathers and sons live together. Therefore, the sages created rituals to teach people. Teach people to be polite and know how to distinguish themselves from animals.

Rebirth of Joy

Taoist inheritance system

When serving a gentleman, the gentleman yawned and stretched himself, picked up his walking stick and shoes, and saw that the sun was setting. The attendant then asked to leave. When sitting in the presence of a gentleman, if the gentleman asks about the affairs of the day, the gentleman should stand up and answer. When one is sitting in the presence of a gentleman, if someone comes and says, "A moment," hoping to hear back, one should stand aside and wait. Do not listen sideways, do not respond loudly, do not look lustfully, and do not be lazy. When walking, do not be arrogant; when standing, do not limp; when sitting, do not spread your legs; when sleeping, do not lie prone. Keep your hair down and don't take off your hat. Don't expose your clothes when you are tired. Don't lift your skirt in the heat.