Cun Fenfen 567涓囧瓧 356331浜鸿杩 杩炶浇
銆娫谙哐侵拮ㄇ形淖帜汇
The Duke said, 鈥淢ay I ask what is meant by respecting oneself?鈥 Confucius replied, 鈥淲hen a gentleman speaks too much, the people will make excuses; when he acts too much, the people will make examples. If a gentleman does not speak too much and does not act too much, the people will respect him without being ordered. In this way, he can respect himself; if he can respect himself, he can complete his parents. 鈥漈he Duke said, 鈥淢ay I ask what is meant by completing his parents?鈥 Confucius replied, 鈥淎 gentleman is a name for people. The people call him a son of a gentleman. This is to make their parents become gentlemen, and this is to complete their parents鈥 name!鈥 Confucius then said, 鈥淚n ancient times, the most important thing in governing was to love people. If you cannot love people, you cannot have your body; if you cannot have your body, you cannot be at peace with your land; if you cannot be at peace with your land, you cannot be happy with heaven; if you cannot be happy with heaven, you cannot complete your body.鈥
The Book of Songs says: "Look at the Qi Bay, the bamboos are lush. There is a gentleman who is as sharp as a knife and as polished as a jade. He is solemn and majestic, and he is loud and noisy. A gentleman who is not loud and noisy in the end." "As sharp as a knife" means Taoism. "As polished as a jade" means self-cultivation. "Stern and graceful" means modesty. "Brilliant and loud" means majesty. "A gentleman who is not loud and noisy in the end" means that the Tao is prosperous and the virtue is the best, which people cannot forget. The Book of Songs says, "Ah, the former kings are not forgotten!" The gentleman honors the virtuous and loves his relatives, while the villain enjoys his pleasure and benefits from his benefits. This is why he never forgets. The Kanggao says, "Be able to make your virtues clear." The Dajia says, "Look back at the clear mandate of heaven." The Didian says, "Be able to make your virtues clear." They are all self-evident. The Pan Inscription of Tang says, "If you are new every day, you will be new every day, and you will be new every day." The Kanggao says, "Be a new citizen." The Book of Songs says, "Although Zhou is an old country, its mandate is to be renewed." Therefore, a gentleman will do everything to the utmost. The Book of Songs says: "The borders of the state are a thousand miles, and the people live there." The Book of Songs says: "The yellow bird of the wild land rests on the corner of the hill." Confucius said: "If one knows where to rest, how can one be a human being and not be like a bird?" The Book of Songs says: "The King Wen is dignified and respectful!" As a ruler, one should be kind; as a minister, one should be respectful; as a son, one should be filial; as a father, one should be kind; as a friend to the people, one should be trustworthy. Confucius said: "When hearing a lawsuit, I am just like everyone else. I must make sure there are no lawsuits!" The heartless cannot speak their mind, and they are greatly afraid of the people's will. This is called knowing the root".
The prime minister controls the state expenditures, and he must do so at the end of the year, when all the grains have been harvested. The size of the land used depends on the harvest and loss of the year. The state expenditures are controlled based on the general situation of thirty years, and the expenditures are calculated according to the income, and the number of sacrifices is calculated. In mourning, there is no sacrifice for three years, and only sacrifices to heaven, earth, and the altar of grain are performed. The mourning period is three years. In funerals and sacrifices, if the expenditure is insufficient, it is called excessive; if the expenditure is sufficient, it is called lavish. In sacrifices, do not be extravagant in good years and do not be frugal in bad years. A country without nine years of reserves is called insufficient; without six years of reserves, it is called urgent; without three years of reserves, it is not a country. Three years of farming will ensure one year of food; nine years of farming will ensure three years of food. With thirty years of peace, even if there is a disaster, drought or flood, and the people have no vegetables, then the emperor will eat and celebrate every day.
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