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When Zilu's sister died, he could have removed his hairpin, but he didn't. Confucius asked, "Why didn't you remove it?" Zilu said, "I have few brothers and sisters, but I can't bear it." Confucius said, "The previous kings established the rituals, and people on the road can't bear it." Zilu heard about it and removed it.
In the middle of summer, the sun is in the East Well, the sun sets in the middle of Kang, and the sun rises in the middle of Wei. The days are Bing and Ding. Its emperor is Emperor Yan, and its god is Zhurong. Its insect is feathered. Its sound is Zheng, and its rhythm is Ruibin. Its number is seven. Its taste is bitter, and its smell is burnt. Its offering is to the stove, and the lung is sacrificed first. When the Lesser Heat arrives, mantises are born. Cuckoos begin to sing, and the tongue is silent. The emperor lives in the Mingtang and the Taimiao, rides on a red road, drives a red horse, carries a red flag, wears red clothes, wears red jade, eats beans and chickens, and his utensils are high and rough. Raise strong and handsome.
When the king meets the guests, and the king bestows the title, they all bow twice and kowtow, and then rise to bow, which shows the etiquette of the ministers; the king returns the bow, and all the courtesy is returned, which shows the etiquette of the king. Ministers try their best to make contributions to the country, and the monarch will reward them with titles and salaries. Therefore, ministers should try their best to make contributions, so the country is safe and the monarch is at peace. There is no ritual that is not answered, which means that the superior does not take in vain from the subordinates. The superior must clarify the right way to guide the people, and the people follow the way and make contributions, and then take one tenth of it, so the superior has enough and the subordinate is not short of it; so the superior and the subordinate are in harmony and do not resent each other. Harmony and peace are the purpose of rituals; this is the great righteousness of the superior and the subordinate. Therefore, it is said that the banquet ritual is to clarify the righteousness of the superior and the subordinate.
When the princes travel and die in the guesthouse, they will return to their country. If they are on the road, they will raise the left hub of their carriage and use it to saddle it. Their saddles have a saddle, and they travel with black cloth skirts and white brocade curtains as a roof. When the temple gate is reached, the wall is not torn down before entering the place of burial, but only the chariot is used to announce the death outside the temple gate. When a senior official or scholar dies on the road, the left hub of the carriage is lifted up and the body is brought back with the reins. If the death occurs at the residence, the body is brought back as at home. Senior officials use cloth as chariots to walk, and when they arrive at home, they use the chariots to carry the body, and when they enter the gate and reach the steps on the east side, they use the chariots to carry the body, and then they are lifted up from the steps on the east side and brought back to the place of burial. The chariots of scholars use reed mats as the roof and cattail mats as the skirt and curtain.
Confucius said: "To bring death to the dead is unkind and cannot be done; to bring life to the dead is ignorant and cannot be done. Therefore, bamboo cannot be used, tiles cannot taste good, wood cannot be cut, zither and qin are stretched but not level, 竽笙 are complete but not harmonious, there are bells and chimes but no bamboo shoots, which are called Ming vessels, which are divine."
The Master said: “In the past, the wise kings of the Three Dynasties all worshipped the gods of heaven and earth, and used divination. They did not dare to use their private interests to disrespect the gods. Therefore, they did not violate the sun and the moon, and did not violate divination. Divination does not follow each other. Big events have their dates; small events have no dates, but divination. External events use hard days, internal events use soft days. They do not violate the tortoise shells. ”The Master said: “Sacrifices, rituals and music are all prosperous, so there is no harm to the gods and ghosts, and no resentment from the people.”The Master said: “The sacrifices of Hou Ji are easy to be rich; his words are respectful, his desires are frugal, and his salary is passed on to his descendants. The Book of Songs says: ‘Hou Ji’s omen sacrifices, and the people have no guilt and regret, and this has continued to this day. ’”The Master said: “The great man’s instrument is awe-inspiring. The Son of Heaven does not use divination; the princes have divination. The Son of Heaven uses divination for the way; the princes do not use divination for countries other than their own. Divination for the house and bedroom. The Son of Heaven does not use divination for the great temple. ” Confucius said: “A gentleman is respectful and uses sacrificial vessels. Therefore, he does not abandon the sun and the moon, does not violate the tortoise shells and divination, and respectfully serves his ruler. In this way, the superiors do not disrespect the people, and the inferiors do not disrespect the superiors.”
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